Leydig cell hyperplasia in children: Case series and review.

Introduction: Leydig cell hyperplasia (LCH) and Leydig cell tumours (LCTs) in children are rare, typically presenting with precocious puberty. Previously, orchidectomy was the routine management; however, more recently, testis-sparing surgery has been performed with good results. We present a series of unusual presentations of LCH, raising new management questions, and a review of the literature regarding LCH and LCT in children.

Testicular and paratesticular pathology in children: a 12-year histopathological review.

Background: Our institution is the principal pediatric surgical referral center for a population of 1.6 million. The objective of this study was to determine the spectrum and incidence of pediatric testicular and paratesticular pathology in this population.

Reduction labioplasty in adolescents.

Purpose: To look at the presentation and management of labial hypertrophy in 2 young adolescents.

Type Of Study: Case report

Main Findings: We present two cases, a 10-year-old girl with concerns regarding a hypertrophied labia minora and a 12-year-old girl with spina bifida and difficulty in performing intermittent catheterization because of the hypertrophied labia. We discuss a simple technique for reduction labioplasty and the different surgical options.

Is contralateral exploration necessary in preterm infants with unilateral inguinal hernia?

Purpose: Contralateral inguinal exploration has been the preferred approach to preterm infants with unilateral inguinal hernia. There is no literature evidence to justify this. The aim of this prospective study is to analyze the incidence and to determine any risk factors for the development of contralateral metachronous hernia (MH) in the preterm when compared with term infants.

Polycystic ovaries, precocious puberty and acquired hypothyroidism: The Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome.

Long-standing acquired hypothyroidism can rarely be associated with precocious puberty and polycystic ovaries. The authors report such a case, which responded to the simple replacement of thyroid hormone. It is important to look for hypothyroidism in girls with ovarian masses and precocious puberty to avoid surgery on the ovaries.