Examining the association between perceived stigma, its correlates, and restrictions in participation among persons with disabilities in Nepal: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Disability stigma in low- and middle-income countries is one of the most persistent and complex barriers limiting persons with disabilities (PwDs) from enjoying their rights and opportunities. Perceived stigma among PwDs and its impact on participation restriction is rarely assessed in Nepal.

Objective: This study aimed to measure the extent of perceived stigma by PwDs, identify its relationships with specific demographic factors, and assess the impact on social participation.

Female Clients Satisfaction towards Primary and Secondary Eye Health Facilities and Cost of Eye Care in Nepal.

Introduction: In Nepal, females suffer from disproportionately higher burden of blindness and vision impairment with low access to eye care. The available knowledge is inadequate to address the issues related to gender and generate information to reduce the gender disparity. The aim of this study was to determine female clients' satisfaction with services at eye facilities in Nepal and to estimate the cost of cataract surgery.

Glaucoma Screening in Family Members of Glaucoma Patients at a Tertiary Eye Hospital in Eastern Region of Nepal.

Introduction: The second most common cause of blindness in the world is glaucoma. Family history plays an important role in early detection and management of patients with glaucoma. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in first degree relatives of Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients.

Prevalence and Causes of Visual Impairment and Blindness in Three Ecological Regions of Nepal.

Introduction: Visual impairment and blindness are significant public health issues worldwide. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and causes of moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) and blindness in people aged 15 years and above across three ecological regions of Nepal.

Materials And Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in one district in each of the three ecological regions of Nepal.

Effect of exposure to biomass smoke from cooking fuel types and eye disorders in women from hilly and plain regions of Nepal.

Background/aim: To study the association between exposure to biomass smoke from cooking fuels andi cataract, visual acuity and ocular symptoms in women.

Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study among women (≥20 years and without a previous diagnosis of cataract, ocular trauma or diabetes or those taking steroids) from hilly and plain regions of Nepal. Eligible participants received an interview and a comprehensive eye assessment (cataract development, visual acuity test and ocular symptoms).

Continuous Knowledge Translation in Action: Designing a Programmatic Research Trial for Equitable Eye Health for Rural Nepalese Women.

Reaching vulnerable populations through programmatic eye health interventions requires a focus on not only the intervention strategies, but the adaptability of the program design process itself. Knowing who is left behind and why solutions that will be effective on the ground at the time of implementation are not necessarily generated. There is a need for eye health programmatic design processes that can trial interventions and allow for continuous knowledge translation along the way.

Comparison of early versus standard timing for silicone stent removal following External Dacrocystorhinostomy under local anaesthesia.

Introduction: The first line treatment for nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is external dacrocystorhinostomy (DCR). Following DCR, patients are required to return to Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology (TIO) six weeks postoperatively for the removal of a silicone stent. As the majority of patients travel large distances at significant cost to reach TIO, most often patients remain within Kathmandu during this six weeks interval.

Constructing Item Banks for Measuring Quality of Life in Refractive Error.

Significance: Existing patient-reported outcome instruments in refractive error are paper-based questionnaires. They are not comprehensive and psychometrically robust. This study has identified the content of the refractive error-specific item banks that aim to provide comprehensive and scientific measurement of refractive error-specific quality of life.

Uncorrected and corrected refractive error experiences of Nepalese adults: a qualitative study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of corrected and uncorrected refractive error (URE) on Nepalese people's quality of life (QoL), and to compare the QoL status between refractive error subgroups.

Methods: Participants were recruited from Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology and Dhulikhel Hospital, Nepal. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 101 people with refractive error.

Microbiological profile of corneal ulcer cases diagnosed in a tertiary care ophthalmological institute in Nepal.

Background: Corneal ulcer, a major cause of monocular blindness in developing countries has consistently been listed as the major cause of blindness and visual disability in many of the developing nations in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, ranking second only to cataract. This study was carried out to determine the microbiological profile of corneal ulcer cases diagnosed among patients visiting Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology (TIO), Nepal.

Methods: A total of 101 corneal scrapping samples were tested for routine culture and antibiotic susceptibility at the pathology department of TIO Nepal from April to October 2014.

Factors associated with childhood ocular morbidity and blindness in three ecological regions of Nepal: Nepal pediatric ocular disease study.

Background: Nepal Pediatric Ocular Diseases Study is a three year longitudinal population based study. Here we present the baseline survey report which aims to investigate various risk factors associated with childhood ocular morbidity and blindness in three ecological regions of Nepal.

Method: This baseline survey is a population based cross sectional study.

Health literacy of common ocular diseases in Nepal.

Background: Poor health literacy is often a key cause of lack of or delayed uptake of health care services. The aim of this study was to assess the health literacy of common ocular diseases, namely cataract, glaucoma, night blindness, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy in Nepal.

Methods: A cross sectional study of 1741 participants randomly selected from non-triaged attendants in the outpatient queue at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, a semi urban general population of Bhaktapur district of Kathmandu Valley and patients attending rural outreach clinics.

Patient's perception towards the eye health care system in a tertiary eye care centre in Nepal.

This study was performed to determine patient's perceptions towards eye health care systems in a tertiary eye care center in Nepal. Subjects were randomly selected from the outpatient department of Tilganga Eye Centre (TEC), a tertiary eye care center in Kathmandu, Nepal. The study was performed in April 2003 with 54 patients responding to several questions concerning their satisfaction of the eye care process.

Microbiology of dacryocystitis among adults population in southern Australia.

Retrospective study on microbiology of dacryocystitis cases in adults was carried out at the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (RVEEH). Sixty-four consecutive cases seen between March 2000 and June 2003 were included. Seventy-nine organisms were isolated from the sixty-six samples (1.

Treatment of vitreoretinal disorders in the developing world: indications and outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery in Nepal.

Purpose: To examine the outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery for retinal disorders at Tilganga Eye Centre in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Design: Retrospective noncomparative case series.

Participants: Records of 255 patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery from December 2000 to January 2003 were reviewed.

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis epidemic--2003 in Nepal.

This rapid communication present the findings of nationwide outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) epidemic occurred in Nepal during summer 2003. Only ten percent of samples showed bacterial and no fungus were grown. On the contrary, viruses were detected in 60.