Utilizing spinal cord injury stratification during classification for allocation of para surfing sport classes.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine which stratification (anatomical versus functional) forms a better construct for classification of para surfers with spinal cord injury; to assess the groupings of these para surfers; and to evaluate the strength of association between manual muscle testing and surfing performance.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Methods: Archived data from classification records including demographics, spinal cord injury levels, trunk strength, and limb strength were compared to judged wave scores and competition rankings.

Long-Term Effects of Hatha Yoga on Heart Rate Variability In Healthy Practitioners: Potential Benefits For Cardiovascular Risk Reduction.

Hatha yoga is commonly practiced in Western countries and is claimed to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare time-domain and frequency-domain metrics of heart rate variability (HRV) in Hatha yoga practitioners and healthy controls. This cross-sectional study, which was conducted at a regional university and community wellness center, included convenience sampling of 19 Hatha yoga practitioners and 8 healthy controls.

Enhancement of balance, and mobility in individuals with multiple sclerosis using visual cue guided multidirectional step training - A pilot study.

Background: Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) often experience limitations in mobility due to impairment of gait and balance. Rehabilitation approaches to improve balance and mobility in individuals with MS are limited. We have developed a novel visual cue guided multi-direction step (MDS) training method to improve balance and mobility in individuals with MS.

Au integrated 2D ZnO heterostructures as robust visible light photocatalysts.

Integration of semiconducting nanostructures with noble metal nanoparticles are turning highly desirable for cost efficient energy and environmental related applications. From this viewpoint, we report on a facile aqueous synthesis of polymer capped gold (Au) nanoparticles on free standing 2D layered structures of zinc oxide (ZnO) to result with ZnO/Au nanocomposites. Concentration of Au nanoparticles were observed to promote the preferential growth of ZnO along the (002) wurtzite plane.

The Indian Stroke Scale: Development and validation of a scale to measure participation in daily activities among patients with stroke in India.

Background: Prospects of a participation measure to be valid across cultures are debatable. Existing stroke outcome measures had been shown to have limited validity when used within Indian sociocultural contexts.

Aim: To develop and validate a patient-reported outcome measure of participation in daily activities appropriate for patients with stroke living in an Indian sociocultural context.

What matters to patients with stroke in India and why: a qualitative study.

Purpose: To gain insight into the preferred outcomes of patients with stroke living in India and develop a conceptual framework of participation in daily activities based on patient perspectives informed by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health.

Methods: This study took a phenomenological approach. A purposive sample of 30 patients with stroke and diverse socio-demographic and disease related characteristics participated in semi-structured interviews.

Improvement of postural control in individuals with multiple sclerosis after a single-session of ball throwing exercise.

Background: Deficit in balance control is a common and often an initial disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated the role of short-term training in improvement of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) and its effect on subsequent control of posture in individuals with MS.

Methods: A pre-post feasibility study involved eight individuals with relapsing-remitting MS who participated in the laboratory tests before and after a single training session consisting of throwing a medicine ball.

Standing on wedges modifies side-specific postural control in the presence of lateral external perturbations.

Standing on wedges changes the position in the ankle joints and affects postural stability in the medial-lateral direction. The objective of the study was to investigate the role of wedges and external lateral perturbations on anticipatory (APA) and compensatory postural adjustments (CPA). Ten healthy young participants were exposed to perturbations applied to the lateral part of their right shoulder when standing on a planar surface, on a medial or lateral wedges.

Do Commonly Used Functional Outcome Measures Capture Activities that Are Relevant for People with Stroke in India?

Objectives: In India, post-stroke outcomes are determined using functional outcome measures (FOMs), the contents of which have not been validated for their relevance to the Indian population. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cultural validity of five frequently used stroke-specific FOMs by comparing their contents with the problems reported by patients with stroke in India.

Methods: Face-to-face structured interviews were conducted with 152 patients diagnosed with stroke in India.

Effects of Isha Hatha Yoga on Core Stability and Standing Balance.

Context • Isha Hatha yoga is a form of yoga practice that practitioners claim can improve health. Gaining a scientific understanding of its effects on health is a crucial step in claiming health benefits. Objective • The study intended to investigate the effects of Isha Hatha yoga on core stability and standing balance in healthy volunteers.

A Case of Simultaneous Traumatic Dorsal Dislocation of All Five Metatarsophalangeal Joints Treated Successfully With Closed Reduction.

Simultaneous dislocation of multiple metatarsophalangeal joints is a rare injury, because of the impediment presented by the anatomy of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints. To the best of our knowledge, only 1 case of simultaneous dislocation of all 5 metatarsophalangeal joints has been previously reported in peer-reviewed studies. Owing to the same anatomic structures that obstruct relocation, closed reduction has been known to fail in a large proportion of cases.

Partial Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training in Patients With Parkinson Disease: Impact on Gait and Clinical Manifestation.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of conventional gait training (CGT) and partial weight-supported treadmill training (PWSTT) on gait and clinical manifestation.

Design: Prospective experimental research design.

Setting: Hospital.

Direction-specific impairments of limits of stability in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: Impaired postural control in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with falls. The objective was to evaluate the direction-specific limits of stability in people with MS.

Methods: Balance control of 18 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS and 18 healthy controls was assessed using instrumented (Limits of Stability (LOS) test) and clinical (Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale) tests.

Enhancement of anticipatory postural adjustments in older adults as a result of a single session of ball throwing exercise.

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of short-term training in improvement of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) and its effect on subsequent control of posture in older adults. Nine healthy older adults were exposed to self-initiated and predictable external perturbations before and after a single training session consisting of throwing a medicine ball. EMG activity of eight trunk and leg muscles and ground reaction forces were recorded before and immediately after the training session.

The Effect of Footrest on Standing Postural Control.

The use of a footrest while performing activity in standing is frequently associated with improvement of a user's well-being however no information exists on the role of a footrest in improving postural stability. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of using a footrest in postural control. Twenty healthy young volunteers were tested using three experimental conditions: standing with two feet on the force platform and standing on the force platform when one foot was placed on a 15 cm footrest positioned in front or laterally.

Treadmill gait training improves baroreflex sensitivity in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Partial weight supported treadmill gait training (PWSTT) is widely used in rehabilitation of gait in patient with Parkinson’s Diseases (PD). However, its effect on blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in PD has not been studied.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of conventional and treadmill gait training on BPV components and BRS.

The effect of lateral or medial wedges on control of postural sway in standing.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of lateral and medial wedges on postural sway. Twenty healthy volunteers (mean age range of 28.45±3.

Effect of partial weight-supported treadmill gait training on balance in patients with Parkinson disease.

Objective: To investigate the role of conventional gait training and partial weight-supported treadmill gait training (PWSTT) in improving the balance of patients with Parkinson disease (PD).

Design: Prospective randomized controlled design.

Setting: National-level university tertiary hospital for mental health and neurosciences.

Direction specific preserved limits of stability in early progressive supranuclear palsy: a dynamic posturographic study.

Objectives: To quantitatively detect the nature of balance impairment in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) using dynamic posturography.

Methods: Twenty clinically diagnosed PSP patients (8 women, 12 men; age: 62.1 ± 7.

Effect of a single dose of standard levodopa on cardiac autonomic function in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with autonomic dysfunction and chronic levodopa therapy has been reported to impair the autonomic control of heart rate.

Aim: Our aim was to assess the immediate effect of a single dose of levodopa on heart rate variability (HRV) in idiopathic PD.

Materials And Methods: Eleven patients of idiopathic PD (F:M =2:9, mean age 57.

Dynamic posturography in evaluation of balance in patients of Parkinson's disease with normal pull test: concept of a diagonal pull test.

Objectives: To assess subclinical balance impairment in patients of Parkinson's disease (PD) with normal "pull test", using dynamic posturography.

Methods: Twenty PD patients (H&Y stage 2) and 20 matched healthy controls were studied. The patients were evaluated in best 'ON' state using UPDRS and Dynamic Posturography.

Quantitative evaluation of balance in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1: a case control study.

Objective: Quantitative assessment of balance in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1).

Background: Evaluation of balance in degenerative ataxias is often clinical and subject to bias. Quantification of balance is crucial for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic and rehabilitative interventions.