Caring for people living with dementia and their informal caregivers: Current perspectives in Malaysia.

As dementia has been declared a global health crisis by the World Health Organization, this perspective paper aims to shed light on the cuerent stata of dementia care in Malaysia. The paper firsc outlinea eeveral barriers to dementia care in Malaysia. The shortage of geriatric specialists hampers the accessibility of dementia caee avd resceerces.

Reduced White Matter Damage and Lower Neuroinflammatory Potential of Microglia and Macrophages in Hri/Eif2ak1 Mice After Contusive Spinal Cord Injury.

Cellular stressors inhibit general protein synthesis while upregulating stress response transcripts and/or proteins. Phosphorylation of the translation factor eIF2α by one of the several stress-activated kinases is a trigger for such signaling, known as the integrated stress response (ISR). The ISR regulates cell survival and function under stress.

Multimorbidity latent classes in relation to 11-year mortality, risk factors and health-related quality of life in Malaysia: a prospective health and demographic surveillance system study.

Background: We aimed to identify specific multimorbidity latent classes among multi-ethnic community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 18 years in Malaysia. We further explored the risk factors associated with these patterns and examined the relationships between the multimorbidity patterns and 11-year all-cause mortality risk, as well as health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: Using data from 18,101 individuals (aged 18-97 years) from the baseline Census 2012, Health Round 2013, and Verbal Autopsies 2012-2023 of the South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO) health and demographic surveillance system, latent class analysis was performed on 13 chronic health conditions to identify statistically and clinically meaningful groups.

Changes in sex composition of births across regions and subgroups in India from an analysis of birth histories from National Family Health Surveys.

India has consistently had one of the highest birth sex ratios (i.e., most males per female) globally.

The Influence of Vowels on the Identification of Spoken Disyllabic Words in the Malayalam Language for Individuals with Hearing Loss.

Background/objectives: The present study investigates the reasons for better recognition of disyllabic words in Malayalam among individuals with hearing loss. This research was conducted in three experiments. Experiment 1 measured the psychometric properties (slope, intercept, and maximum scores) of disyllabic wordlists.

Enhanced lion swarm optimization and elliptic curve cryptography scheme for secure cluster head selection and malware detection in IoT-WSN.

Wireless Sensor Networks present a significant issue for data routing because of the potential use of obtaining data from far locations with greater energy efficiency. Networks have become essential to modern concepts of the Internet of Things. The primary foundation for supporting diverse service-centric applications has continued to be the sensor node activity of both sensing phenomena in their local environs and relaying their results to centralized Base Stations.

Mapping epilepsy biomarkers: a bibliometric and content analysis.

Epilepsy, a complex global neurological disorder, has spurred extensive research efforts focused on enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, with a growing emphasis on the identification of biomarkers. This bibliometric study examines 1,774 publications from 2000 to 2023, revealing a notable increase in research activity, particularly in the past decade. The US, China, and the UK lead contributions, with Asian countries exhibiting growing potential.

Community-level knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular diseases and modifiable risk factors in India.

Background: Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) is critical to inform CVD prevention strategies, but limited community-level data exist from developing countries.

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CVD and CVRF and acceptability of non-physician health workers and text-message based reminders to guide CVD prevention strategies in India.

Methods: We conducted a telephone-based survey nested in the on-going Centre for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) cohort in Delhi and Chennai, India between January 2021 to February 2021.

The needs and gaps in pharmacogenomics knowledge and education among healthcare professionals in Malaysia: A multisite Delphi study.

Lack of pharmacogenomics knowledge among healthcare professionals is the most significant cited barrier to implementing pharmacogenomics in clinical settings. Despite the growth in research initiatives and awareness of pharmacogenomics, healthcare professionals continue to report a lack of knowledge and confidence in practicing pharmacogenomics. This study aims to assess the current pharmacogenomics knowledge gaps and learning needs of healthcare professionals in Malaysia.

Health effects of selected environmental Exposomes Across the Life courSe in Indian populations using longitudinal cohort studies: GEOHealth HEALS Study protocol.

Introduction: Air pollution presents a major public health threat to India, affecting more than three quarters of the country's population. In the current project, GEOHealth Health Effects of Selected Environmental Exposomes Across the Life CourSe-India, we aim to study the effect of environmental exposomes-fine particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO), ozone (O) and extremes of temperature-on multiple health outcomes using a modified life course approach. The associated training grant aims to build capacity in India to address the unique environmental health problems.

Polyacrylamide/sodium alginate double network hydrogel with easily repairable superhydrophobic surface for strain sensor resistant to fluid interference.

Constructing an easily repairable hydrophobic layer on the hydrogel surface that confers resistance to liquid interference remains a great challenge for hydrogel strain sensors. In this paper, superhydrophobic hydrogel sensors were prepared by driving hydrophobic organically modified silica (o-SiO) nanoparticles to the surface of polyacrylamide/sodium alginate (PAM/SA) double network hydrogels by a weak ultrasonic field in o-SiO/cyclohexane dispersion. The hydroxyl groups present on the surface of o-SiO are able to form hydrogen bonds with hydrogels, which in turn form a strong surface hydrophobic layer on its surface.

Dementia risk prediction modelling in low- and middle-income countries: current state of evidence.

Dementia is a leading cause of death and disability with over 60% of cases residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, new strategies to mitigate risk are urgently needed. However, despite the high burden of disease associated with dementia in LMICs, research into dementia risk profiling and risk prediction modelling is limited.

Non-canonical Wnt signaling triggered by WNT2B drives adrenal aldosterone production.

The steroid hormone aldosterone, produced by the zona glomerulosa (zG) of the adrenal gland, is a master regulator of plasma electrolytes and blood pressure. While aldosterone control by the renin-angiotensin system is well understood, other key regulatory factors have remained elusive. Here, we replicated a prior association between a non-coding variant in and an increased risk of primary aldosteronism, a prevalent and debilitating disease caused by excessive aldosterone production.

Inside the Black Box of Deliberate Practice: How do Coaches Coach to Improve Trauma Triage.

Introduction: Deliberate practice, goal-oriented training with feedback from a coach, is a common tool for improving physicians' performance. However, little is known about how coaches foster performance improvement.

Methods: A content analysis of video-recorded training sessions was performed to analyze the coaches' behaviors during a pilot randomized trial of deliberate practice in trauma triage.

Evaluating the "Zindagi Mehfooz" Electronic Immunization Registry and Suite of Digital Health Interventions to Improve the Coverage and Timeliness of Immunization Services in Sindh, Pakistan: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The Zindagi Mehfooz (safe life; ZM) electronic immunization registry (EIR) is a comprehensive suite of digital health interventions that aims to improve equitable access, timeliness, and coverage of child immunizations through a smartphone-based app for vaccinators, web-based dashboards for supervisors and managers, text message alerts and reminders for caregivers, and a call center. It has been implemented at scale in Sindh Province, Pakistan.

Objective: This study aimed to present findings from an evaluation of the ZM-EIR suite of digital health interventions in order to improve data availability and use as a contribution, among other immunization program interventions, to enhanced immunization outcomes for children aged 12-23 months in Sindh Province.

Accuracy and Consistency of Confidence Limits for Monosyllable Identification Scores Derived Using Simulation, the Harrell-Davis Estimator, and Nonlinear Quantile Regression.

Background: Audiological diagnosis and rehabilitation often involve the assessment of whether the maximum speech identification score (PB) is poorer than expected from the pure-tone average (PTA) threshold. This requires the estimation of the lower boundary of the PB values expected for a given PTA (one-tailed 95% confidence limit, CL). This study compares the accuracy and consistency of three methods for estimating the 95% CL.

Counting older women: Measuring the health and wellbeing of older women in LMICs.

Health systems globally are unprepared for responding to the needs of aging populations-the majority of whom are women. This is exacerbated by data systems that exclude older women. There is an urgent need to address this gap to ensure policies and services promote healthy aging across the life course.

Factors Predicting Completion of Four or More Antenatal Care Visits in Sarlahi District, Nepal.

Background: A significant number of women die from pregnancy and childbirth complications globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Receiving at least four antenatal care (ANC) visits may be important in reducing maternal and perinatal deaths. This study investigates factors associated with attending ≥ 4 ANC visits in Sarlahi district of southern Nepal.

A Personalized and Interactive Web-Based Advance Care Planning Intervention for Older Adults (Koda Health): Pilot Feasibility Study.

Background: Advance care planning (ACP) is a process that involves patients expressing their personal goals, values, and future medical care preferences. Digital applications may help facilitate this process, though their use in older adults has not been adequately studied.

Objective: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the reach, adoption, and usability of Koda Health, a web-based patient-facing ACP platform, among older adults.

Comparison of parent or caregiver-completed development screening tools with Bayley Scales of Infant Development: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Parent/caregiver-completed developmental testing (PCDT) is integral to developmental care in children; however, there is limited information on its accuracy. In this systematic review, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of PCDT with concurrently administered Bayley Scales of Infant Development for detection of developmental delay (DD) in children below 4 years of age.

Methods: We searched databases PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Google Scholar until November 2023.

Assessing Sodium Intake in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure: Validation of Spot Urine Excretion and Dietary Survey-Derived Estimates.

This cross-sectional study evaluated the validity of three alternative methods compared to the gold standard 24-h urine collection for estimating dietary sodium intake, a modifiable risk factor for hypertension, among middle-aged and older adults with elevated blood pressure. These included spot urine collection (using Kawasaki, Tanaka, and INTERSALT equations), 24-h dietary recall, and food frequency questionnaire responses, compared to 24-h urine collection in a subset of 65 participants (aged 50-75 years, 58.5% women, 61.

Excellent Adsorption of Lead (II) and Chromium (VI) from Water Using Zwitterions (-NH and -COO) Functionalized Nano Lanthanum Oxide: Kinetic, Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Surface Mechanism.

Zwitterion amino acid l-cysteine functionalized lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (l-Cyst-LaO NPs) have been synthesized for the first time with lanthanum acetate as the precursor, NHOH as the base, and l-cysteine as the functionalized mediator. The typical size of l-Cyst-LaO NPs was obtained in the range of 15-20 nm from the TEM technique. A cytotoxicity test of l-Cyst-LaO NPs was performed in Raw 264.