Primary melanoma of the urinary tract: a clinicopathological study of cases and literature review.

Aim: Primary malignant melanomas in the bladder or urethra are exceedingly rare. Diagnosing these tumours presents substantial challenges due to their close resemblance in gross appearance and histology to urothelial carcinomas.

Methods: A retrospective review of our department archives from 2000 to 2023 identified four cases of primary malignant melanoma in the urinary tract.