A Formal Energy Consumption Analysis to Secure Cluster-Based WSN: A Case Study of Multi-Hop Clustering Algorithm Based on Spectral Classification Using Lightweight Blockchain.

Wireless Sensors Networks are integrating human daily life at a fast rate. Applications cover a wide range of fields, including home security, agriculture, climate change, fire prevention, and so on and so forth. If WSN were initially flat networks, hierarchical, or cluster-based networks have been introduced in order to achieve a better performance in terms of energy efficiency, topology management, delay minimization, load balancing, routing techniques, etc.