Morphological and genetic demonstration of in dromedary camels.

Background: is one of the most important parasites, which infests the upper respiratory tract of camels leading to deteriorating health effects, substantial economic losses, and even death.

Aim: This study aimed to detect the prevalence rate of in slaughtered camels, determining its morphology using the electron microscope, and confirming its species by molecular phylogeny.

Methods: A total of 200 slaughtered camels at different areas in Al Muthanna province (Iraq) were inspected visually to collect the parasite samples that were identified initially based on their morphological characteristics.

Pyrrolizine/indolizine-bearing (un)substituted isoindole moiety: design, synthesis, antiproliferative and MDR reversal activities, and studies.

Two new series of pyrrolizine/indolizine derivative-bearing (un)substituted isoindole moiety were designed and synthesized. The anticancer potential of the new compounds was evaluated against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2), colorectal carcinoma, colon cancer (HCT-116), and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Compounds 6d and 6o were the most potent derivatives with IC values ranging from 6.

Corrigendum to "A comprehensive review on modelling the adsorption process for heavy metal removal from waste water using artificial neural network technique" [Heliyon 9(4) (April 2023) e15455].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Molecular identification of in cattle by nested PCR.

Background And Objectives: Anaplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Gram-negative bacterium from Anaplasmataceae family. Anaplasma causes high economic losses worldwide. 16S rRNA analysis was used to diagnose in Cattle.

Determination of Gemcitabine and Sorafenib in Spiked Human Plasma Using Multivariate Model Update Chemometric Methods.

Background: Gemcitabine (GEM), a pyrimidine nucleoside, has been used as a first-line treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sorafenib (SOR), a nonselective multi-kinase inhibitor, is used as a chemotherapeutic agent in different types of cancers including NSCLC in preclinical studies. Co-administration of GEM and SOR was found to be effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of NSCLC.

Determination of Bendamustine, Gemcitabine and Vinorelbine (BEGEV) regimen in spiked human plasma using multivariate model update chemometric methods.

Combination of bendamustine (BEN), gemcitabine (GEM), and vinorelbine (VIB), (BEGEV) regimen, has been proved to be a tolerable, safe and effective regimen in relapsed/refractory classical hodgkin lymphoma (R/R cHL). Two chemometric models named principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) were established for determination and quantification of BEN, GEM and VIB simultaneously in the ranges of 5-25 µg/mL for each of BEN and VIB, while in the range of 10 -30 µg/mL for GEM in pure and spiked plasma using their UV absorbance. The updated methods have been proven their ability to predict the concentrations of the studied drugs and validated according to FDA guidelines showing good results.

A comprehensive review on modelling the adsorption process for heavy metal removal from waste water using artificial neural network technique.

Water is the most necessary and significant element for all life on earth. Unfortunately, the quality of the water resources is constantly declining as a result of population development, industry, and civilization progress. Due to their extreme toxicity, heavy metals removal from water has drawn researchers' attention.

Development of certain aminoquinazoline scaffolds as potential multitarget anticancer agents with apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation.

Newly designed 4 - aminoquinazoline derivatives (5a-f, 6a, b, 7, 8, 9, 10a-c, 11a, b, 12a, b and 13a, b) have been synthesized and evaluated for their potential multitarget anticancer activities, apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects. Thereupon, in vitro cytotoxic activities of all the synthesized compounds were screened against NCI 60 human cancer cell lines (nine subpanels) at NCI, USA. Successfully, 2-morpholino-N-(quinazolin-4-yl) acetohydrazide 5e was granted an NSC code, owing to its significant potency and broad spectrum of activity against various cancer cell lines; leukemia K-562, non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H522 cells, colon cancer SW-620, melanoma LOX IMVI, MALME-3M, renal cancer RXF 393, ACHN and breast cancer MDA-MB231/ATCC (GI% = 99.

Ecofriendly LC-MS/MS and TLC-densitometric methods for simultaneous quantitative assay and monitoring of BEGEV regimen, pharmacokinetic study application.

To date no analytical method has been developed for the determination of the BEGEV regimen and no study has investigated the kinetic interaction between the drugs, to give us priorities for further clinical study, so two rapid, accurate, sensitive and ecofriendly chromatographic methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of bendamustine (BEN), gemcitabine (GEM) and vinorelbine (VIB) using sildenafil (SIL) as an internal standard (IS) for the purpose of an pharmacokinetics study in rats. Firstly, the LC-MS/MS method was performed using a mixture of methanol and a 0.1% aqueous solution of formic acid as the mobile phase on a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C (4.

Association of the Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (Mn-SOD) Gene C47T Polymorphism with Lung Cancer: A Case-Control Study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the association between manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) gene C47 T polymorphism and the risk of malignant lung cancer in Iraqi smokers.

Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 260 lung cancer patients (88 females and 172 males) and 295 healthy individuals (91 females and 204 males). DNA was extracted from blood samples and the SOD2 gene was amplified using specific primers.

Design, synthesis, biological assessment, and in-Silico studies of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors.

A series of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives have been designed and synthesized as combretastatin CA-4 analogs. They were screened for anticancer and tubulin polymerization inhibition activities. The trimethoxyphenyl 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivative 4c showed significant antiproliferative activity in which it exhibited IC = 0.

Gammaherpesvirus Infections in Cattle in Europe.

The genus Macavirus, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, comprises ungulate viruses that infect domestic and wild ruminants and swine. They cause asymptomatic latent infections in reservoir hosts and malignant catarrhal fever in susceptible species. Lung, spleen, bronchial lymph node, and tongue were collected from 448 cattle (348 necropsied, 100 slaughtered) in Switzerland, United Kingdom, Finland, Belgium, and Germany to determine their infection with bovine herpesvirus-6 (BoHV-6) and gammaherpesviruses of other ruminants, i.

Constitutive TRIM22 Expression in the Respiratory Tract Confers a Pre-Existing Defence Against Influenza A Virus Infection.

The induction of antiviral effector proteins as part of a homeostatically controlled innate immune response to infection plays a critical role in limiting the propagation and transmission of respiratory pathogens. However, the prolonged induction of this immune response can lead to lung hyperinflammation, tissue damage, and respiratory failure. We hypothesized that tissues exposed to the constant threat of infection may constitutively express higher levels of antiviral effector proteins to reduce the need to activate potentially harmful innate immune defences.

Design, synthesis and mechanistic study of novel diarylpyrazole derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents with reduced cardiovascular side effects.

Novel diarylpyrazole (5a-d, 6a-e, 12, 13, 14, 15a-c and 11a-g) derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their dual COX-2/sEH inhibitory activities via recombinant enzyme assays to explore their anti-inflammatory activities and cardiovascular safety profiles. Comprehensively, the structures of the synthesized compounds were established via spectral and elemental analyses, followed by the assessment of both their in vitro COX inhibitory and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. The most active compounds as COX inhibitors were further evaluated for their in vitro 5-LOX and sEH inhibitory activities, alongside with their in vivo analgesic and ulcerogenic effects.

Five spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of Amlodipine besylate and celecoxib in presence of its toxic impurity.

Five simple, selective and accurate spectrophotometric methods have been applied and developed for first time for simultaneous determination of amlodipine besylate (AML) and celecoxib (CEL) in presence of one harmful impurity, 4-methylacetophenone (MAP), in their ternary mixture without prior separation. Those spectrophotometric methods were developed and called: dual wave length in ratio spectra (DWRS), successive ratio-derivative spectra (SDR), modified absorption factor method (MAFM), modified amplitude center method (MACM) and first derivative -zero crossing coupled with amplitude factor method (FDAF). These methods include various steps using zero /or ratio /or derivative spectra and some mathematical techniques.

Validated green chromatographic methods for determination of amlodipine and celecoxib in presence of methylacetophenone.

Green, accurate and rapid methods, namely LC-MS/MS and thin layer chromatography-densitometric methods, were developed for determination of amlodipine besylate and celecoxib in presence of its process-related impurities, 4-methylacetophenone in pure and formulated tablets. LC-MS/MS was achieved on ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C column using methanol:aqueous solution of 5 mM formic acid (95:5 v/v). High sensitivity with low limit of detection values 0.

Advanced endoscopy fellowship training in the United States: recent trends in American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy advanced endoscopy fellowship match, trainee experience, and postfellowship employment.

Background And Aims: The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) advanced endoscopy fellowship (AEF) match offers a structured application process for AEF training in the United States. Our aim was to describe recent trends in AEF match, trainee experience, and postfellowship employment.

Methods: ASGE AEF match data from 2012 to 2020 were reviewed.

Sheep-Associated Malignant Catarrhal Fever: Role of Latent Virus and Macrophages in Vasculitis.

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a sporadic, generally fatal disease caused by gammaherpesviruses in susceptible dead-end hosts. A key pathological process is systemic vasculitis in which productively infected cytotoxic T cells play a major role. Nonetheless, the pathogenesis of MCF vasculitis is not yet clear.

Discovery of novel urea-diarylpyrazole hybrids as dual COX-2/sEH inhibitors with improved anti-inflammatory activity and highly reduced cardiovascular risks.

Herein we describe our efforts to develop novel anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents devoid of known cardiovascular drawbacks. In doing so, two 1,5-diarylpyrazole series of urea linked (9a-f) and amide linked (11a-f) compounds were synthesized and evaluated in vitro as dual COX-2/sEH inhibitors using recombinant enzyme assays. The in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were then examined using reported animal models.

Multilocus analysis of 1 in layer chickens in Iraq.

Background And Aim: Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) causes a highly pathogenic respiratory disease that affects poultry. It is also known as 1. ILT prophylaxis measures often include using live attenuated vaccines.

New substituted pyrazole derivatives targeting COXs as potential safe anti-inflammatory agents.

Everyday studies prove the increasing need for newer and safer agents to control cellular inflammatory response, an underlying cause for the pathophysiology of many other clinical cases. Two newly designed sets of schiff and chlacone substituted pyrazoles were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities. Most potent representatives were chosen for investigation of ulcerogenic and molecular docking properties The synthesized compounds showed considerable edema inhibition percentage range if compared with celecoxib (13-93% and 58-93%, respectively) at different time intervals.

Anti-inflammatory indomethacin analogs endowed with preferential COX-2 inhibitory activity.

The undeniable indomethacin potency has always suffered serious obstacles such as gastric damage. Continuous attempts to develop potent yet safe indomethacin analogs have never ceased. Herein are new indole derivatives and , which were synthesized via Fisher indole reaction, evaluated for both their anti-inflammatory activities using rat paw edema method and their cyclooxygenase inhibitory activities.