Barriers and facilitators for the implementation and expansion of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy: a systematic review.

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) has been expanding in recent years and serves as a viable solution in reducing the shortage of hospital beds. However, the wider implementation of OPAT faces numerous challenges. This review aimed to assess implementation barriers and facilitators of OPAT services.

Prevalence and predictive factors associated with stunting in preschool children in a governorate of Iraq: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The prevalence and risk factors of stunting in various geographical regions have been well investigated. However, not enough data exists regarding the communities in Iraq. This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of stunting in preschool children in Halabja governorate.

Encyclopaedic Review of Glipizide Pre-clinical and Clinical Status.

Glipizide is an oral glucose-lowering medication that is beneficial for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This study compiles exhaustively all accessible information on glipizide, from preclinical to clinical studies. Glipizide may be used in concert with TRAIL to treat cancer cells; in vitro studies have shown that it suppresses angiogenesis and vasculogenesis while shielding cells from glycation-induced damage.

Multifocal intraosseous pseudomyogenic (epithelioid sarcoma-like) hemangioendothelioma: A rare presentation of an uncommon tumor.

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm of intermediate malignant potential showing endothelial differentiation. Around 20 cases of primary osseous PHE have been reported to date. A 16-year-old boy presented with complaints of pain in his right leg.

The Stress Levels of Premature Infants' Parents and Related Factors in NICU.

Introduction: Parental stress related to their infants' hospitalization is a significant concern that affects both parents and their infants. Fathers' experiences tend to be understudied compared to mothers. Further research on fathers' stress levels is necessary.

Non-genomic actions of steroid hormones on the contractility of non-vascular smooth muscles.

Steroid hormones play an important role in physiological processes. The classical pathway of steroid actions is mediated by nuclear receptors, which regulate genes to modify biological processes. Non-genomic pathways of steroid actions are also known, mediated by cell membrane-located seven transmembrane domain receptors.

Comparison activity of pure and chromium-doped nickel oxide nanoparticles for the selective removal of dyes from water.

The current study involves a synthesis of a composite of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) with a chromium dopant to yield (Cr/NiONPs). Synthesis of nickel oxide was performed by the co-precipitation method. The synthesis of the composite was conducted by the impregnation method.

Social media addiction and depression and their predictors among university students.

Objectives: Social media facilitate the interaction between individuals without regard to the distances between the users. Everybody who has access to internet can suffer from social media addiction. During COVID-19 pandemic there was an increase in social media usage among all population types and especially the university students, which would negatively affect their mental health.

Suspected NUT carcinoma progressing on pembrolizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel as first-line treatment: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: NUT carcinoma of the thorax is an extremely rare neoplasm characterized by a translocation between the NUT M1 gene and members of the bromodomain genetic family. Due to the rarity of the neoplasm, standardized treatment guidelines have not yet been established. Several chemotherapeutic agents have been used with limited success, due to the rapid development of resistance to treatment.

Environmentally sustainable synthesis of whey-based carbon dots for ferric ion detection in human serum and water samples: evaluating the greenness of the method.

Carbon dots (CDs) are valued for their biocompatibility, easy fabrication, and distinct optical characteristics. The current study examines using whey to fabricate CDs using the hydrothermal method. When stimulated at 350 nm, the synthetic CDs emitted blue light at 423 nm and revealed a selective response to ferric ion (Fe) in actual samples with great sensitivity, making them a suitable probe for assessing Fe ions.

Epidemiology, Management, and Outcome of Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in an Omani Cohort.

Objectives: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare, life-threatening disease of chronic uncontrolled complement pathway activation that leads to thrombotic-microangiopathy, along with severe organ damage, including end-stage kidney disease. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, management, and outcome of aHUS in an Omani population.

Methods: This retrospective descriptive cohort study assessed all cases of aHUS diagnosed and followed up at two tertiary care centers in Oman from January 2008 to December 2019, based on clinical features, complement pathway assays, histopathological, and genetic testing.

Primary retroperitoneal mature teratoma in a young female: Case report.

Introduction And Importance: Teratomas are nonseminomatous germ cell tumor. Retroperitoneal teratoma is uncommon, especially in adults. Surgical excision the main stay of therapy for mature teratoma and also it the way for defnitive diagnosis.

Level of completion of a continuum of age-appropriate infant feeding practices and barriers among breastfeeding mothers in Ethiopia: a mixed methods study.

Background: Ethiopia has committed to ending undernutrition by implementing nutrition intervention strategies, including promoting optimal feeding and care practices. To monitor and evaluate optimal infant feeding practices, it is crucial to have reliable and quality data on infant feeding indicators. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the extent to which breastfeeding mothers in Ethiopia have completed the continuum of age-appropriate infant feeding practices and the barriers they face.

A remodeled ivermectin polycaprolactone-based nanoparticles for inhalation as a promising treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.

In recent years, ivermectin (IVM), an antiparasitic drug of low water solubility and poor oral bioavailability, has shown a profound effect on inflammatory mediators involved in diseases, such as acute lung injury, lung fibrosis, and COVID-19. In order to maximize drug bioavailability, polymeric nanoparticles can be delivered through nebulizers for pulmonary administration. The aim of this study was to prepare IVM-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) by solvent evaporation method.

The tricot approach: an agile framework for decentralized on-farm testing supported by citizen science. A retrospective.

Matching crop varieties to their target use context and user preferences is a challenge faced by many plant breeding programs serving smallholder agriculture. Numerous participatory approaches proposed by CGIAR and other research teams over the last four decades have attempted to capture farmers' priorities/preferences and crop variety field performance in representative growing environments through experimental trials with higher external validity. Yet none have overcome the challenges of scalability, data validity and reliability, and difficulties in capturing socio-economic and environmental heterogeneity.

A Platform Approach to Cleavable Macrocycles for the Controlled Disassembly of Mechanically Caged Molecules.

Inspired by interlocked oligonucleotides, peptides and knotted proteins, synthetic systems where a macrocycle cages a bioactive species that is "switched on" by breaking the mechanical bond have been reported. However, to date, each example uses a bespoke chemical design. Here we present a platform approach to mechanically caged structures wherein a single macrocycle precursor is diversified at a late stage to include a range of trigger units that control ring opening in response to enzymatic, chemical, or photochemical stimuli.

The Minimum Protein Staple? - Towards 'bio'-Baldwin's rules inter-phosphosite linking in the MEK1 activation loop.

In small molecule organic chemistry, the heuristic insight into ring-forming processes that was enabled by Baldwin's rules some 50 years ago proved a step-change in the role of mechanistically guided synthesis. It created a lens upon and marker of fundamental stereoelectronic and conformation-guided chemical processes. However, despite the widespread role of stereoelectronics and conformational control in Biology, no equivalent coherent exploitation of trapped, ring-forming processes yet exists in biomolecules.

The midpoint transverse process to pleura (MTP) block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy: A case series.

Among the various regional anesthesia techniques used for postoperative analgesia in the modified radical mastectomy (MRM), thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is presently considered the technique of choice. Nevertheless, TPVB may lead to complications like inadvertent vascular puncture, hypotension, epidural or intrathecal spread, pleural puncture, or pneumothorax. Recently, a newer technique "midpoint transverse process to pleura" (MTP) block has been described in which the tip of the needle is placed at the midpoint between the transverse process and pleura.

Perioperative anesthesia challenges and outcomes of patients with Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study.

Background And Aims: A rapid surge in rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) cases was reported during the second wave of COVID, especially in India, needing extensive surgical debridement along with medical management. The present study was planned to observe perioperative anesthesia challenges and outcomes of patients with ROCM during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective was to observe intraoperative anesthesia challenges and the secondary objectives were to observe postoperative challenges and outcomes of patients.

Non-Necroptotic Roles of MLKL in Diet-Induced Obesity, Liver Pathology, and Insulin Sensitivity: Insights from a High Fat, High Fructose, High Cholesterol Diet Mouse Model.

Chronic inflammation is a key player in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) progression. Necroptosis, an inflammatory cell death pathway, is elevated in MAFLD patients and mouse models, yet its role is unclear due to diverse mouse models and inhibition strategies. In our study, we inhibited necroptosis by targeting mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase (MLKL), the terminal effector of necroptosis, in a high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol (HFHFrHC) mouse model of diet-induced MAFLD mouse model.

A basally active cGAS-STING pathway limits SARS-CoV-2 replication in a subset of ACE2 positive airway cell models.

Host factors that define the cellular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 beyond the cognate ACE2 receptor are poorly defined. Here we report that SARS-CoV-2 replication is restricted at a post-entry step in a number of ACE2-positive airway-derived cell lines due to tonic activation of the cGAS-STING pathway mediated by mitochondrial DNA leakage and naturally occurring cGAS and STING variants. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the cGAS-STING and type I/III IFN pathways as well as ACE2 overexpression overcome these blocks.