Chorionicity and gestational diabetes mellitus in twin pregnancies in relation to placental weight.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is glucose intolerance first detected during pregnancy. Twin pregnancies have a higher risk of GDM, likely due to increased placental mass and elevated placental lactogen levels.

Objective: The aims of this study were 1) to assess the impact of chorionicity on the development of GDM in twin pregnancies and 2) to assess a possible association between placenta weight and the development of GDM.

Timing and dosage of intrapartum prophylactic penicillin for preventing early-onset group B streptococcal disease: assessing maternal and umbilical cord blood concentration.

Objective: Timing of administration of antibiotics and concentrations in maternal blood and the umbilical cord blood are important prerequisites for optimal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) of neonatal early-onset group B streptococcus (GBS) disease. This cohort study aimed to explore penicillin concentrations in mothers and infants at birth in relation to time elapsed from administration to delivery and to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for GBS.

Main Outcome Measures: Penicillin G concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood in relation to time and dose from administration to time of delivery.

Low-level laser therapy: an efficient supplement to treatments of vulvar Lichen sclerosus to improve quality of life.

Background: Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the genital and extra genital skin, causing pruritus, soreness, pain and dyspareunia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) can improve the quality of life in women with Lichen sclerosus (LS) and insufficient topical treatment.

Methods: In a descriptive prospective observational study conducted between 02.

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In this case report, a woman with no risk factors was admitted with bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancy. Bilateral ectopic pregnancy is a rare clinical condition with clinical findings which in their symptoms do not differ from those of unilateral ectopic pregnancy. The condition can therefore easily be missed.

Term Delivery Complicated by Uterine Rupture with No Prior History of Cesarean Section or Uterine Curettage Following Oxytocin Use and Arrest in Second Stage of Labor: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Uterine rupture during delivery in an unscarred uterus may be associated with oxytocin dose during second stage arrest and with underlying maternal factors. This report is of a 34-year-old woman, gravida 5, para 3, with no previous history of cesarean section (CS), who had a uterine rupture at term delivery following the use of oxytocin for second-stage arrest. CASE REPORT A 34-year-old Afghani woman, gravida 5, para 3 was admitted at term for delivery.

Comparatively low rates of COVID-19 in women admitted in labor and their newborns prior to routine vaccination of pregnant women: insights from Denmark.

In a country with a high-test frequency, societal lockdown, and pregnancy leave granted from 28 gestational weeks, we investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection in women admitted in labor and their newborn in the pre-vaccine period. A total of 1042 women admitted for delivery in two Danish hospitals agreed to a plasma sample and nasopharyngeal, vaginal, and rectal swabs and to sampling of umbilical cord blood and a nasopharyngeal swab from their newborn at delivery. Plasma samples from women were examined for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Neonatal and maternal outcomes with elective cesarean section compared to induction of labor in twin pregnancies: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare neonatal and maternal outcomes in twin pregnancies with elective cesarean section (ECS) and induction of labor (IOL) to better inform women during the counselling process.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cohort study including all twin pregnancies referred to the Department of Obstetrics at Kolding University Hospital, Denmark between January 2007 to April 2019 (n = 819). The primary analysis compared maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies planned for IOL with those planned for ECS after week 34.

Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.

Introduction: We identified risk factors and outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy in a universally tested population according to disease severity and validated information on SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy in national health registers in Denmark.

Material And Methods: Cohort study using data from national registers and medical records including all pregnancies between March 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. We compared women with a validated positive SARS-CoV-2 test during pregnancy with non-infected pregnant women.

Transplacental transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: a cohort study.

The purpose of this study was to examine the transfer rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in pregnancy and newborns. Two Danish labor wards screened all women for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR upon arrival. Women (n = 99) with a SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive nasopharyngeal (NP) swab or with a household member with a positive swab at labor or any time during pregnancy, or COVID-19 symptoms upon admission (November 2020 through August 2021), were included.

Child-Mother Index: a new risk factor for selected adverse maternal birth outcomes.

Background: Over decades, obstetricians have evaluated a range of risk factors to improve the prediction of adverse birth outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Child-Mother Index as a risk factor indicator for selected adverse maternal birth outcomes.

Study Design: We assessed the Child-Mother Index by multinomial regression models using register-based data containing all singleton births in Denmark in 2009 with a gestational age between 37 and 41 weeks.

Maternal age and body mass index as risk factors for rectovaginal colonization with group B streptococci.

Objective: To examine the effect of including maternal age and body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) as additional risk factors in the traditional risk-based strategy at term pregnancies consisting of previous early-onset group B streptococcus (GBS) disease, GBS bacteriuria during pregnancy, maternal temperature of 38.0°C or more intrapartum, and rupture of membranes of 18 h or longer.

Methods: A secondary analysis of a Danish cohort including 902 pregnant women.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy in Denmark-characteristics and outcomes after confirmed infection in pregnancy: A nationwide, prospective, population-based cohort study.

Introduction: Assessing the risk factors for and consequences of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during pregnancy is essential to guide clinical care. Previous studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy have been among hospitalized patients, which may have exaggerated risk estimates of severe outcomes because all cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pregnant population were not included. The objectives of this study were to identify risk factors for and outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy independent of severity of infection in a universally tested population, and to identify risk factors for and outcomes after severe infection requiring hospital admission.

Polymerase chain reaction for Group B Streptococci (GBS) at labor highly correlates with vaginal GBS load.

Objective: To explore factors associated with a high vaginal GBS load during labor considering (1) the recto-vaginal GBS load at 35-37 weeks' gestation determined by culture and (2) the vaginal GBS colonization determined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay during labor.

Methods: From an unselected cohort of 902 pregnant women, we obtained (1) recto-vaginal swabs for culture of GBS at 35-37 weeks' gestation (GBS), (2) vaginal swabs for GBS PCR detection at labor (PCR), and (3) vaginal swabs for culture of GBS at labor (GBS). The GBS load was classified semi quantitatively according to a culture protocol without prior broth enrichment of the swab samples: none (0), few (+), some (++), or many (+++) GBS colonies.

Risk-based screening and intrapartum group B streptococcus polymerase chain reactionresults reduce use of antibiotics during labour.

Introduction: This study investigated the feasibility of a risk-based screening approach combined with testing of Group B streptococcus (GBS) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the effect on use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) and the impact on the incidence of early-onset GBS infection (EOGBS).

Methods: During one year, 551 women giving birth at Lillebaelt Hospital, Denmark, having one or more risk factors for EOGBS (previous birth of infant with EOGBS, GBS bacteriuria during current pregnancy, gestational age less than 37 weeks, rupture of membranes greater than 18 hours, and temperature ≥ 38 °C) were tested by a GBS PCR assay intrapartum. IAP was administered when the woman tested positive.

Vitamin D and the risk of dystocia: A case-control study.

Background: Dystocia is one of the most common causes of cesarean section in nulliparous women. Studies have described the presence of vitamin D receptors in the myometrium, but it is still unclear whether vitamin D affects the contractility of the smooth muscles. We therefore aimed to determine the association between the vitamin D serum level at labor and the risk of dystocia.

Improvement of selection of pregnant women for intrapartum polymerase chain reaction screening for vaginal Group B Streptococci (GBS) colonization by adding GBS urine screening at 35-37 weeks of pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate whether systematic antepartum screening for Group B Streptococci (GBS) by urine culture improves the risk factor-based selection of pregnant women for intrapartum GBS screening with a rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted between April 2013 and June 2014. GBS colonization judged by urine culture at 35-37 weeks of gestation was compared with the result of a vaginal GBS PCR test at labor as outcome.

Therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model of carbon tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis.

Background: Liver fibrosis is a major medical problem with high mortality and morbidity rates where the formation of regenerative nodules and cirrhosis leads to loss of liver function and may result in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have drawn attention as a novel approach for treatment of liver fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of BM-MSCs on the liver structure in carbon tetrachloride (CCl) induced liver fibrosis in male rats relative to resveratrol and Silybum marianum as standard drugs derived from herbal plants.

Urine dipstick for predicting intrapartum recto-vaginal colonisation by group B streptococci.

Introduction: In pregnant women, bacteriuria with group B streptococci (GBS) may be associated with a high degree of recto-vaginal GBS colonisation and therefore an increased risk of early-onset GBS disease. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of routine use of dipstick urine analysis during pregnancy for prediction of recto-vaginal GBS colonisation at the time of labour.

Methods: Among 902 unselected Danish pregnant women, we obtained results from 1) dipstick urine analysis, 2) urine culture carried out during pregnancy, if indicated, and 3) recto-vaginal culture at labour.

Risk-based approach versus culture-based screening for identification of group B streptococci among women in labor.

Objective: To compare a risk-based and culture-based screening approach for identification of group B streptococci (GBS) vaginal colonization using an intrapartum rectovaginal culture as the reference standard.

Methods: Pregnant women attending the prenatal clinic at Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark, between April 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014, were invited to participate in a prospective observational study. For prepartum culture-based screening, vaginal and rectal culture samples were obtained and, for reference, standard, paired vaginal and rectal culture samples were collected during labor.

Group B streptococci cultured in urine during pregnancy associated with preterm delivery: a selection problem?

To investigate an association between Group B streptococci (GBS) in urine culture during pregnancy and preterm delivery. A population-based cohort consisted of all the pregnant women ( = 36,097) from the catchment area of Lillebaelt Hospital, Denmark, during the period January 2002 -December 2012. The cohort of 34,285 singleton pregnancies used in this study was divided into three groups.

Number of colony forming units in urine at 35-37 weeks' gestation as predictor of the vaginal load of Group B Streptococci at birth.

Objective: To evaluate GBS colony numbers in the urine at 35-37 weeks' gestation to predict the load of GBS-colonization of the vagina at birth.

Study Design: In this prospective observational study, we included 902 unselected pregnant women. Exposure was GBS colony forming units (CFU) per mL urine at 35-37 weeks' gestation.

Intrapartum PCR assay versus antepartum culture for assessment of vaginal carriage of group B streptococci in a Danish cohort at birth.

The aim of this study was to compare the performances of two strategies for predicting intrapartum vaginal carriage of group B streptococci (GBS). One strategy was based on an antepartum culture and the other on an intrapartum polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We conducted a prospective observational study enrolling 902 pregnant women offered GBS screening before delivery by two strategies.

Risk-based screening combined with a PCR-based test for group B streptococci diminishes the use of antibiotics in laboring women.

Objective: To assess the performance of a polymerase chain reaction - group B streptococci test (PCR-GBS test) - in deciding antibiotic prophylaxis in term laboring women.

Study Design: In this observational study, we enrolled 902 unselected Danish term pregnant women. During labor, midwives obtained vaginal swabs that were used for both GBS cultures (reference standard) and for the PCR-GBS test.