Right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit: a comparison of long-term graft-related events between bovine jugular vein conduit, aortic homograft, and porcine-valved conduits.

Background: The optimal conduit for right ventricle to pulmonary artery (RV-PA) reconstruction does not exist. Reinterventions are common due to conduit stenosis and endocarditis. Tailoring conduit choice according to patients' characteristics could improve the outcomes.

Patent ductus arteriosus stenting versus modified Blalock-Taussig shunt for palliation of duct-dependent pulmonary blood flow lesions.

Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stenting is an alternative to modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) as first-stage palliation of duct-dependent lesions. The superiority of one approach over the other is still controversial. Our objective was to compare PDA  stent versusMBTS for palliation in regard to safety, efficacy, and efficiency.

Accuracy of Routine 2D Echocardiography to Estimate Patent Ductus Arteriosus Type and Dimension and Predict Device Selection for Successful PDA Occlusion.

Background: Assessment of the shape and dimensions of PDA is usually done angiographically and in the majority of cases need arterial access. Our aim was to evaluate the value of routine 2 D echocardiography (ECHO) in predicting type, dimensions of PDA and to anticipate device size to be used during the intervention.

Material And Methods: The charts of all patients who underwent transcatheter closure of PDA between January 2015 and December 2020 were reviewed.

Mitral valve replacement in dilated cardiomyopathy: A valid option?

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by left ventricular dilation and dysfunction. The association with significant mitral regurgitation worsens the prognosis.

Case Report: A 2-year-old girl presented with DCM and severe mitral regurgitation.

Safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect type II under transthoracic echocardiographic guidance: A case control study.

Background: Transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defect is routinely performed under general anesthesia and transesophageal echocardiography guidance. If patients have good echo windows, the procedure could be performed under transthoracic echo guidance.

Aim Of Study: To evaluate safety and efficacy of the intervention using fluoroscopy and echo guidance.

Percutaneous Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Under Echocardiographic Guidance.

Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is done in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, usually under fluoroscopic and angiographic guidance. The aortogram is used for assessing PDAsize and shape the pre-device implantation. Additionally, post-device aortograms are applied for the assessment of device position, profile and residual shunt.

Impact of Interatrial Communication on Left Ventricle Performance in Patients with Significant Post-tricuspid Shunt.

Infants with post-tricuspid valve shunts (PTS) may benefit from interatrial communication (IAC). The effect of IAC on left ventricular (LV) performance in these patients was studied. IAC was documented prospectively in 55 patients with PTS.

Recanalization of arterial duct is feasible, effective and its potential risks are treatable.

Background: Recanalization of arterial duct (AD) is rarely needed.

Objective: The aim of this study is to report our experience regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of arterial duct recanalization in three infants and review the relevant literature.

Methods And Results: We report on three patients with decreased pulmonary blood flow after initial palliation.

Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator in the Treatment of Neonates with Intracardiac and Great Vessels Thrombosis.

Life-threatening intracardiac and great vessels thrombi are rare in neonates. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) is used in adults to stimulate fibrinolysis and facilitate thrombus resolution. Its use in neonates, along with heparin, remains controversial because of potential risk of serious bleeding.

Pulmonary valvuloplasty in a pregnant woman using sole transthoracic echo guidance: technical considerations.

An 18-year-old pregnant woman with severe pulmonary valve stenosis and exertional dyspnea underwent balloon dilation during pregnancy using sole echocardiographic guidance to protect the baby from radiation. The main technical difficulty encountered was during advancement of the catheter across the right ventricular outflow tract into the pulmonary valve. This was overcome using a wedge balloon catheter over a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) wire.

Alpha blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in the management of severe pulmonary valve stenosis: from bench to bedside.

Introduction: Neonates with severe pulmonary valve stenosis tend to remain oxygen dependent, despite resolution of the transpulmonary gradient. Alpha 2 blockers – phentolamine – and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors – captopril – were reported to improve oxygen saturation.

Objective: To describe the role of phentolamine and captopril in the treatment of these patients.

Combined semilunar valve stenoses in neonates: management approaches and literature review.

Combination of right and left ventricular outflow tracts obstruction is extremely rare. Neonates with combined aortic stenosis (AS) and pulmonary stenosis (PS) present in critical condition and required urgent treatment. The management approach is not well defined.

Cardiac rhabdomyoma mimicking haemodynamics of hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Cardiac rhabdomyomas are rare and often regress spontaneously. However, the management of rhabdomyoma with severe inflow and outflow obstructions is a challenge. An infant with a massive left ventricular rhabdomyoma mimicking the haemodynamics of hypoplastic left heart syndrome is reported.

Transcatheter closure of residual postinfarction ventricular septal defect after dehiscence of surgical patch repair.

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a life-threatening complication of transmural myocardial infarction. Urgent surgical repair and concomitant revascularization are the standard of care. Percutaneous catheter-based closure techniques have been reserved for patients with a high-risk surgery or a failed surgical procedure with residual shunting.

Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect with situs solitus and dextrocardia.

Percutaneous closure of secundum atrial septal defect associated with situs solitus and dextrocardia has not been reported previously. We describe the technical difficulties encountered during transcatheter closure of a secundum atrial septal defect in a 19-month-old girl with situs solitus and dextrocardia.

Post Melody valve implant in a conduit with regurgitant native outflow tract successful closure by Amplatzer muscular device.

We describe the technique of closure of native right ventricular outflow tract by Amplatzer muscular ventricular septal defect device because of severe regurgitation in a patient who had tetralogy of Fallot repair with conduit at 3 years of age followed by percutaneous Melody valve implant 6 years later.

Cardiac involvement in geleophysic dysplasia in three siblings of a Saudi family.

Geleophysic dysplasia is an extremely rare acromelic skeletal dysplasia resembling lysosomal storage disease. It is characterised by characteristic facial phenotype, short stature, micromelia, joint contracture, and early cardiac valvular involvement. It has been described worldwide in <40 patients.

High prevalence rate of left superior vena cava determined by echocardiography in patients with congenital heart disease in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) is one of the common anomalies of the systemic veins. Its prevalence is 0.1-0.

Paediatricians' referral preference of patients with embolised intravascular foreign bodies: a survey-based study.

Background: Central line insertion is a routine procedure in medical practice. Dislodgement of lines into the vascular system is a rare complication. We noticed that paediatric health care providers (PHCP) contact the cardiac or general paediatric surgeon for extraction of dislodged lines more frequently than using the less invasive percutaneous approach.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, cor triatriatum and partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection: Imaging of a very rare association.

A newborn is presented with an association of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, cor triatriatum and partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The diagnosis was established with echocardiography and further confirmed with computed tomography. To our knowledge the images of such an association have never been reported before.

Pulmonary atresia with hypoplastic right ventricle and large subaortic ventricular septal defect.

A neonate is presented with a very rare association consisting of pulmonary atresia with large ventricular septal defect but additionally, combined with a hypoplastic right ventricle and well developed pulmonary arteries. The management strategy is described.

Successful percutaneous closure of a secundum atrial septal defect through femoral approach in a patient with interrupted inferior vena cava.

Percutaneous closure of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD II) is considered the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. Interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation can make delivery of the occluder difficult or not possible. Transjugular, transhepatic approach or surgery can be the alternative.