Alopecia Management Potential of Rosemary-Based Nanoemulgel Loaded with Metformin: Approach Combining Active Essential Oil and Repurposed Drug.

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a multifactorial and age-related dermatological disease that affects both males and females, usually at older ages. Traditional hair repair drugs exemplified by minoxidil have limitations such as skin irritation and hypertrichosis. Thus, attention has been shifted to the use of repurposing drugs.

Feasibility and optimal sizing analysis of hybrid PV/Wind powered seawater desalination system: A case study of four ports, Egypt.

This research aims to investigate A novel and complete system consists of hybrid renewable energy farm with high-energy-consuming seawater desalination in fourth locations in Egypt. This paper proposes fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision-making model for optimal sizing of a hybrid PV/Wind/Storage system to power the reverse osmosis (RO) desalination process in order to increase freshwater availability and meet the electric load requirement in selected area. Firstly, according to collected data and cost of electricity (COE) for various renewable energy resources, specific procedures to determining the optimal system design and optimal sizing (solar cell, wind turbine parameter and storage system units) are presented for selected site.

Engineered Porous Beta-Cyclodextrin-Loaded Raloxifene Framework with Potential Anticancer Activity: Physicochemical Characterization, Drug Release, and Cytotoxicity Studies.

Background: Cancer ranks as the second most common cause of mortality as depicted by the World Health Organization, with one in six deaths being cancer-related mortality. Taking the lead in females, breast cancer is the most common neoplasm. Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been utilized as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

Investigating the therapeutic promise of drug-repurposed-loaded nanocarriers: A pioneering strategy in advancing colorectal cancer treatment.

Globally, colorectal cancer is a major health problem that ranks in third place in terms of occurrence and second in terms of mortality worldwide. New cases increase annually, with the absence of effective therapies, especially for metastatic colorectal cancer, emphasizing the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Although conventional treatments are commonly used in oncotherapy, their success rate is low, which leads to the exploration of novel technologies.

Chondroitin Sulphate: An emerging therapeutic multidimensional proteoglycan in colon cancer.

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that has captured massive attention in the field of drug delivery. As the colon is considered the preferred site for local and systemic delivery of bioactive agents for the treatment of various diseases, colon-targeted drug delivery rose to the surface of research. Amid several tactics to attain colon-targeted drug release, the exploitation of polymers degraded by colonic bacteria holds great promise.

Lipid-based nanocarriers challenging the ocular biological barriers: Current paradigm and future perspectives.

Eye is the most specialized and sensory body organ and treating eye diseases efficiently is necessary. Despite various attempts, the design of a consummate ophthalmic drug delivery system remains unsolved because of anatomical and physiological barriers that hinder drug transport into the desired ocular tissues. It is important to advance new platforms to manage ocular disorders, whether they exist in the anterior or posterior cavities.

The battle of lipid-based nanocarriers against blood-brain barrier: a critical review.

Central nervous system integrity is the state of brain functioning across sensory, cognitive, emotional-social behaviors, and motor domains, allowing a person to realise his full potential. Thus, brain disorders seriously affect patients' quality of life. Efficient drug delivery to treat brain disorders remains a crucial challenge due to numerous brain barriers, particularly the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which greatly impacts the ultimate drug therapeutic efficacy.

Propranolol-Loaded Limonene-Based Microemulsion Thermo-Responsive Mucoadhesive Nasal Nanogel: Design, In Vitro Assessment, Ex Vivo Permeation, and Brain Biodistribution.

Propranolol is the first-line drug for managing migraine attacks. D-limonene is a citrus oil known for its neuroprotective mechanism. Thus, the current work aims to design a thermo-responsive intranasal limonene-based microemulsion mucoadhesive nanogel to improve propranolol efficacy.

PSO tuned interval type-2 fuzzy logic for load frequency control of two-area multi-source interconnected power system.

Nowadays, most of modern power systems integrate concentrated renewable energy resources power plants like solar and wind parks in addition to central conventional plants. The output power from these concentrated renewable energy resources varies continuously according to weather conditions like solar irradiance value or wind speed and direction, the variation for their output power may be in mega watts. In this work, Robust secondary load frequency controller (LFC) based on one of artificial intelligent technique which called interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) has been proposed for two-area multi-source interconnected power system with central solar park power plants in each area while considering non-linearities in the power system.

Application of Box-Behnken Design in the Preparation, Optimization, and In-Vivo Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Oral Tadalafil-Loaded Niosomal Film.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects about 90% of men whose ages are over 65. Tadalafil, a selective PDE-5 inhibitor, was approved by FDA for BPH, however, its poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability are considered major drawbacks. This work intended to develop and evaluate oral fast dissolving film containing tadalafil-loaded niosomes for those who cannot receive the oral dosage form.

Freeze-drying: A flourishing strategy to fabricate stable pharmaceutical and biological products.

Freeze-drying (FD) of nanoparticles, microorganisms, genes, and vaccines is an auspicious technique used to enhance long-term stability and facilitate transportation mainly for products that require specific conditions like cold chains. Although freeze-drying is considered a delicate drying process, it can cause numerous stresses that induce chemical and physical instabilities. Subsequently, the inclusion of suitable excipients along with optimizing the process parameters is crucial to attain stable lyophilizates with high-quality attributes.

Recent advances in freeze-drying: variables, cycle optimization, and innovative techniques.

Freeze-drying (FD) is the most substantial drying technique utilized in the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industries. It is a drying process where the solvent is crystallized at low temperatures and then sublimed from the solid-state directly into the vapor phase. Although FD possesses several merits as its suitability for thermolabile materials and its ability to produce dry products with high-quality attributes, it is a complex and prolonged process that requires optimization of both; process and formulation variables.

Role of lignin-based nanoparticles in anticancer drug delivery and bioimaging: An up-to-date review.

Lignin, an aromatic biopolymer, is the second most abundant naturally occurring one after cellulose that has drawn a great deal of interest over the years for its potential uses owing to the presence of high content of phenolic compounds, ecofriendly feature and cost-efficiency in comparison to the synthetic polymers. Nevertheless, with the intention of advancing its development, several efforts have been performed in the direction of utilizing lignin on the nanoscale due to its inimitable properties. The notable absorption capacity, fluorescence emission, biodegradability and non-toxicity of lignin nanoparticles permit its appropriateness as a vehicle for drugs and as a bioimaging material.

Superiority of microemulsion-based hydrogel for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug transdermal delivery: a comparative safety and anti-nociceptive efficacy study.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent the foundation of pain management caused by inflammatory disorders. Nevertheless, their oral administration induces several side effects exemplified by gastric ulceration, thus, delivering NSAIDs via skin has become an attractive alternative. Herein, microemulsion-based hydrogel (MBH), proliposomal, and cubosomal gels were fabricated, loaded with diclofenac, and physicochemically characterized.

siRNA nanohybrid systems: false hope or feasible answer in cancer management.

Finding out predisposition and makeup alterations in cancer cells has prompted the exploration of exogenous small interference RNA (siRNA) as a therapeutic agent to deal with cancer. siRNA is subjected to many limitations that hinder its cellular uptake. Various nanocarriers have been loaded with siRNA to improve their cellular transportation and have moved to clinical trials.

Tailored Limonene-Based Nanosized Microemulsion: Formulation, Physicochemical Characterization and Skin Irritation Assessment.

Microemulsion (ME) achieved progressing consequences on both the research and industry levels due to their distinctive properties. ME based-limonene system is considered as a surrogate to the traditional microemulsion composed of conventional oils. Thus, a novel microemulsion based on D-limonene and Gelucire® 44/12 had been designed and evaluated with assessing the factors affecting its physicochemical characteristics and in vivo skin irritation.

Collagen-based scaffolds: An auspicious tool to support repair, recovery, and regeneration post spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a perplexing traumatic disease that habitually gives ride to permanent disability, motor, and sensory impairment. Despite the existence of several therapeutic approaches for the injured motor or sensory neurons, they can't promote axonal regeneration. Whether prepared by conventional or rapid prototyping techniques, scaffolds can be applied to refurbish the continuity of the injured site, by creating a suitable environment for tissue repair, axonal regeneration, and vascularization.

Smart Stimuli-Responsive Liposomal Nanohybrid Systems: A Critical Review of Theranostic Behavior in Cancer.

The epoch of nanotechnology has authorized novel investigation strategies in the area of drug delivery. Liposomes are attractive biomimetic nanocarriers characterized by their biocompatibility, high loading capacity, and their ability to reduce encapsulated drug toxicity. Nevertheless, various limitations including physical instability, lack of site specificity, and low targeting abilities have impeded the use of solo liposomes.

Formulation and Applications of Lipid-Based Nanovehicles: Spotlight on Self-emulsifying Systems.

The drug delivery investigation field is continuously widened and adapted to overcome many factors such as poor drug solubility, absorption, rapid metabolism, the variability of drug plasma levels, cellular efflux and many others. Due to resemblance to body constituents and their biocompatibility, lipids offer a promising scheme for poorly water-soluble and lipophilic drugs. Various nanoparticles including vesicular systems, lipid particulate systems, and emulsion systems provide some unique benefits as pharmaceutical carriers in drug and biomolecules delivery systems.

Tadalafil-Loaded Limonene-Based Orodispersible Tablets: Formulation, in vitro Characterization and in vivo Appraisal of Gastroprotective Activity.

Background: Gastric ulcer is a prevalent disease with various etiologies, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and alcohol consumption. This study aimed to explore the dual gastric protection effect of tadalafil and limonene as a self-nanoemulsifying system (SNES)-based orodispersible tablets.

Methods: Tadalafil-loaded limonene-based SNES was prepared, and the optimum formula was characterized in terms of particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) then loaded on various porous carriers to formulate lyophilized orodispersible tablets (ODTs).

Anticancer Activity of Thymoquinone Cubic Phase Nanoparticles Against Human Breast Cancer: Formulation, Cytotoxicity and Subcellular Localization.

Introduction: Triple negative breast cancer is an aggressive disorder which accounts for at least 15% of breast cancer diagnosis and a high percentage of breast cancer morbidity, hence intensive research efforts are focused on the development of effective therapies to overcome the disease. Thymoquinone (TQ), the bioactive constituent of , exhibits anticancer activity, yet its translation to the clinic is hindered by its poor bioavailability and lack of quantification method in blood and tissues. To overcome these limitations, cubosomes were utilized for the encapsulation and delivery of this anticancer molecule.

Levofloxacin-loaded naturally occurring monoterpene-based nanoemulgel: a feasible efficient system to circumvent MRSA ocular infections.

is a leading cause of ocular keratitis worldwide, and the upsurge of (MRSA) strains necessitated the development of new antimicrobial agents. D-limonene is the major constituent of oil extracted from citrus peel, which has been utilized for its gastroprotective, antifungal, antitumor, and antibacterial effects. The present study aimed to develop an effective ocular limonene-based nanoemulgel to enhance the efficacy of fluoroquinolones against MRSA associated ocular biofilm infection.

Updated but not outdated "Gliadin": A plant protein in advanced pharmaceutical nanotechnologies.

For many years, natural products have been considered as the backbone of medical therapy. Recently, different extracted active moieties of these botanical plants were employed as innovative drug delivery vehicles. Protein-based nanocarriers have acquired great engrossment as colloidal vehicles for delivering different therapeutic agents, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, vitamins, or even biomedical devices.

A novel multifaceted approach for wound healing: Optimization and in vivo evaluation of spray dried tadalafil loaded pro-nanoliposomal powder.

The topical delivery of nanotherapeutics at the injury site for skin regeneration has received increasing attention as a strategy for wound treatment. This study aimed to investigate the preparation of spray dried tadalafil loaded pro-nanoliposomes powder as a novel system to accelerate wound healing process. The optimization was carried out employing 3 factorial design based on phospholipid and cholesterol concentrations.