Pemphigus Vulgaris and Bullous Pemphigoid of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract: A Review Article and Novel Approaches to Management.

Background: Autoimmune bullous diseases are rare conditions characterized by blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. The 2 commonest forms are pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. The oral cavity or oropharynx may be the initial site of presentation or often the only site involved.

Delays in surgery for cholesteatoma due to COVID-19: is there an impact on rates of recidivism and major complications?

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the waiting time for surgery, and cholesteatoma recidivism rates and major complications. The secondary aims were to identify any other prognostic factors for cholesteatoma recidivism.

Methods: A retrospective single-centre study of 312 patients who underwent cholesteatoma surgery under the care of a single-surgeon, between 2004 and 2018, was performed.

Tracheal swab from front of neck airway for SARS-CoV-2; a bronchial foreign body.

We report the case of a bronchial foreign body, following a tracheostomy site swab for SARS-CoV-2, aiming to raise awareness and vigilance. A qualified nurse was performing a routine SARS-CoV-2 swab on a 51-year-old woman, fitted with a tracheostomy in the recent past following a craniotomy. This was part of the discharging protocol to a nursing home.

Semirigid cervical spine collar and risk of missing significant soft tissue injuries.

We report the case of an initial misdiagnosis of significant scalp soft tissue hidden beneath a semirigid cervical collar. A 16-year-old unrestrained rear seat passenger was involved in an RTA sustaining a subdural haematoma, cervical spine fractures and what was initially diagnosed as a significant degloving scalp injury. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit intubated sedated, and with a cervical collar.

Outcomes of laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy for biliary atresia: A systematic review.

Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare disease for which mainstay of treatment consists of open Kasai portoenterostomy. The aim of this review was to assess the outcomes of laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy, which offers potential benefits of minimally invasive surgery. Outcomes identified were postoperative cholangitis rates, incidence of adhesions at subsequent liver transplantation, native liver survival rates and actuarial survival rates.