Variations in antihypertensive medication treatment and blood pressure control among Veterans with HIV and existing hypertension.

Background: Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease among patients living with HIV (PLWH). Understanding the predictors and patterns of antihypertensive medication prescription and blood pressure (BP) control among PLWH with hypertension (HTN) is important to improve the primary prevention efforts for this high-risk population. We sought to assess important patient-level correlates (eg, race) and inter-facility variations in antihypertension medication prescriptions and BP control among Veterans living with HIV (VLWH) and HTN.

Clinical Outcomes After Acute Coronary Syndromes or Revascularization Among People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Clinical outcomes after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in people living with HIV have not been characterized in sufficient detail, and extant data have not been synthesized adequately.

Objective: To better characterize clinical outcomes and postdischarge treatment of patients living with HIV after ACS or PCIs compared with patients in an HIV-negative control group.

Data Sources: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for all available longitudinal studies of patients living with HIV after ACS or PCIs from inception until August 2023.

The NED foundation experience: A model of global neurosurgery.

Introduction: The Neurosurgery Education and Development (NED) Foundation (NEDF) started the development of local neurosurgical practice in Zanzibar (Tanzania) in 2008. More than a decade later, multiple actions with humanitarian purposes have significantly improved neurosurgical practice and education for physicians and nurses.

Research Question: To what extent could comprehensive interventions (beyond treating patients) be effective in developing global neurosurgery from the outset in low and middle-income countries?

Material And Method: A retrospective review of a 14- year period (2008-2022) of NEDF activities highlighting landmarks, projects, and evolving collaborations in Zanzibar was carried out.

Type 1 diabetes and risk of heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Robust data on type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and the risk of heart failure (HF) is scarce.

Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE for relevant studies, abstracted data on HF incidence rate and adjusted relative risk (aRR) for T1DM, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and controls, and pooled incidence rates and aRRs for HF across studies.

Results: Four studies including 61,885 T1DM patients, 4,599,213 non-diabetic controls, and 248,021 T2DM patients (three studies) were included.

Performance of Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Models Among People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Extant data on the performance of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score models in people living with HIV have not been synthesized.

Objective: To synthesize available data on the performance of the various CVD risk scores in people living with HIV.

Data Sources: PubMed and Embase were searched from inception through January 31, 2021.

Two decade trends in cardiovascular disease outcomes and cardiovascular risk factors among US veterans living with HIV.

Coomprhensive data on temporal trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and outcomes in people living with HIV are limited. Using retrospective data on 50,284 US Veterans living with HIV (VLWH) who received care in the VA from 2001 to 2019, we calculated the prevalence and incidence estimates of CVD risk factors and outcomes, as well as the average annual percent changes (AAPC) in the estimates. The mean age of the Veterans increased from 47.

A user-orientated approach to provenance capture and representation for in silico experiments, explored within the atmospheric chemistry community.

We present a novel user-orientated approach to provenance capture and representation for in silico experiments, contrasted against the more systems-orientated approaches that have been typical within the e-Science domain. In our approach, we seek to capture the scientist's reasoning in the form of annotations as an experiment evolves, while using the scientist's terminology in the representation of process provenance. Our user-orientated approach is applied in a case study within the atmospheric chemistry domain: we consider the design, development and evaluation of an electronic laboratory notebook, a provenance capture and storage tool, for iterative model development.

Semantically enhanced provenance capture for chamber model development with a master chemical mechanism.

The development and maintenance of benchmark databases within scientific communities is reliant on interactions with database users. We explore the role of semantically enhanced provenance for computational modelling processes that make use of one such database: the master chemical mechanism, a key resource within the atmospheric chemistry community.