Neuroprotective roles of flavonoid "hispidulin" in the central nervous system: A review.

Interest in naturally occurring phytochemicals has been on the increase, they are believed to reduce the risk of brain disorders. Hispidulin (HN) is a phenolic flavonoid compound with various pharmacological and biological effects on the central nervous system. It belongs to the flavone class of flavonoids.

Evaluation of pharmacists' knowledge in emergency preparedness and disaster management.

Background: Emergency preparedness and disaster management are global phenomena that have a significant impact on the economy and healthcare system. Pharmacists have assumed additional responsibilities in the wake of emergencies and disasters that are beyond their training curricula. Some research highlighted the need for pharmacists to assume these responsibilities in the cause of emergency and disaster.

Effects of Mosquito coil Smoke Inhalation on Spatial Memory in Mice.

Background: Mosquito coil (MC) is widely used to repel mosquitoes in order to prevent malaria in many malaria-endemic countries. Although we are fully aware and concerned about carbon monoxide (CO) and its toxicity, exposure to CO from common, though occult sources like MC smoke is often overlooked. Equally, the adverse health effects, especially to the brain, are usually underestimated.

In Vitro and In Vivo Neutralizing Activity of Uvaria chamae Leaves Fractions on the Venom of Naja nigricollis in Albino Rat and Bovine Blood.

Background: Snakebite envenomation is a global priority ranked top among other neglected tropical diseases. There is a folkloric claim that Uvaria chamae is beneficial for the management of snakebite and wounds in African ethnobotanical surveys. Besides, there are many registered patents asserting the health benefits of U.

Ameliorative effect of methanol stem extract of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) bullock on scopolamine-induced sub-chronic cognitive deficit in mice.

Background Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) Bullock is a commonly used medicinal plant in African traditional medicine. The powdered roots and stems of the plant are taken with pap as a memory enhancer among the Yorubas of southwestern Nigeria. The mechanism by which scopolamine induces cognitive deficit mimics the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in cognitive impairment.

IL35 modulation altered survival, cytokine environment and histopathological consequences during malaria infection in mice.

Background: The immune modulating potential of IL-35 in multiple human disorders has been reported. Consequent upon the recognition of inflammatory cytokine activation and its preponderance for mediating pathology during malaria infection, the study aimed to characterize the expression and functional contribution(s) of IL-35 in Plasmodium berghei (strain ANKA) infected mice.

Methods: Plasmodium berghei infection in male ICR mice was used as the rodent model of choice.

Methanol stem bark extract of Adansonia digitata ameliorates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behavior: Involvement of the HPA axis, BDNF, and stress biomarkers pathways.

Background Adansonia digitata L. (Malvaceae) is used locally in the management of depressive illnesses, and its antidepressant-like effect has been previously reported. The present study was aimed at determining the effect of the methanol extract of the stem bark of A.

Anti-proliferative study and isolation of Ochnaflavone from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Ochna kibbiensis Hutch & Dalziel.

Anti-proliferative activity of the ethyl acetate fractions of Ochna schweinfurthiana F. Hoffm. and Ochna kibbiensis Hutch.

Neurobehavioural evaluation of resveratrol in murine models of anxiety and schizophrenia.

Resveratrol, a caloric restriction mimetic, is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiology of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety and schizophrenia. This study investigated the anxiolytic and antipsychotic potentials of resveratrol in murine models of anxiety and schizophrenia.

Effect of resveratrol and environmental enrichment on biomarkers of oxidative stress in young healthy mice.

Resveratrol (RESV) and Environmental Enrichment (EE) have been separately reported to protect organisms against various diseases. This study investigated the potential benefit of the combination of RESV and EE on biomarkers of oxidative stress in young healthy mice. Fifty mice of both sexes were randomly divided into five groups of 10 animals each: group I served as control, group II were maintained on alternate day feeding, group III received RESV 50 mg/kg, suspended in caboxymethylcellulose orally per kg/day.

Isolation of bergenin from the root bark of Securinega virosa and evaluation of its potential sleep promoting effect.

Objectives: Securinega virosa Roxb (Ex Willd) Baill (Euphorbaiceae) root bark has been reportedly used in African traditional medicine in the management of mental illnesses. Previously, the sleep-inducing potential of the crude methanol root bark of Securinega virosa extract and its butanol fraction have been reported. The study aimed to isolate and characterize the bioactive constituent that may be responsible for the sleep inducing property of the root of the plant.

Neurobehavioural evaluation of Lophira alata (Ochnaceae) stem bark extract in mice.

Background: Stem bark and leaves of Lophira alata (Family: Ochnaceae) have been used traditionally for their anti-psychotic, anti-convulsant and anxiolytic properties. Since no existing data was found on the neurobehavioural properties, this study was carried out to evaluate some neurobehavioural properties of the aqueous extract of the stem bark of L. alata in animal models.

Central depressant activity of butanol fraction of Securinega virosa root bark in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Securinega virosa is a commonly used medicinal plant in African traditional medicine in the management of epilepsy and mental illness. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that the crude methanol root bark extract of the plant possesses significant behavioral effect in laboratory animals. In an attempt to isolate and characterize the biological principles responsible for the observed activity, this study is aimed at evaluating the central depressant activity of the butanol fraction of the methanol root bark extract of Securinega virosa.