Time-Lapse 3D CSEM for Reservoir Monitoring Based on Rock Physics Simulation of the Wisting Oil Field Offshore Norway.

The marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) method has been used in different applications, such as oil and gas reservoir exploration, groundwater investigation, seawater intrusion studies and deep-sea mineral exploration. Recently, the utilization of the marine CSEM method has shifted from petroleum exploration to active monitoring due to increased environmental concerns related to hydrocarbon production. In this study, we utilize the various dynamic reservoir properties available through reservoir simulation of the Wisting field in the Norwegian part of the Barents Sea.