Polyphenolic phytochemicals as natural feed additives to control bacterial pathogens in the chicken gut.

Poultry provides an important protein source consumed globally by human population, and simultaneously, acts as a substantial reservoir of antibiotic resistant bacterial species such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Clostridium perfringens. These bacterial species can include commensal strains with beneficial roles on poultry health and productivity, and pathogenic strains not only to poultry but zoonotically to man. This review paper evaluates the role of phytochemicals as possible alternatives to antibiotics and natural anti-bacterial agents to control antibiotic resistance in poultry.

Assessment of the anti-pathogenic effects of condensed tannin extracts using scanning electron microscopy.

Two different types of condensed tannins (CTs), which were extracted and purified from tilia (Tilia L.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), were studied and tested against two kinds of bacteria, including Gram-negative and Gram-positive, avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.