Anopheles arabiensis in Sudan: a noticeable tolerance to urban polluted larval habitats associated with resistance to Temephos.

Background: It has been documented that unplanned urbanization leads to the exposure of members of the Anopheles vectors to a range of water pollution in urban settings. Many surveys from African and Asian countries reported the presence of Anopheles larvae in polluted urban habitats. The present study documents an obvious tolerance of the melanic and normal forms of Anopheles arabiensis to urban polluted larval habitats accompanied by resistance to Temephos larvicide.

Decreased sleep quality in Parkinson's patients is associated with higher anxiety and depression prevalence and severity, and correlates with pain intensity and quality.

Objective: Pain, poor sleep quality, restless legs syndrome (RLS), and other symptoms are frequently reported by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the impact that pain severity and interference has on non-motor symptoms (NMS) has not been extensively studied. The objective of the present study is to explore the relationship between sleep quality in PD to pain and other NMS that affect quality of life.

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Giant urinary bladder stone is defined as a stone with a weight higher than 100 g. It is rare in women, accounting for approximately 2%. Its occurrence in the urinary bladder does not exceed 5% of the whole of the urinary tract.

Sitagliptin- oleifera coadministration did not delay the progression nor ameliorated functional and morphological anomalies in alloxan-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Objective: Sitagliptin (ST) and (MO) Lam (Moringaceae) are used concomitantly by diabetic patients, with no study ascertaining for potential favorable or otherwise renal implications. We investigated the effect of coadministration of ST and MO leaf extract on functional and morphological biomarkers of alloxan-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Materials And Methods: Diabetes was induced with a single dose of 150 mg/kg of alloxan intraperitoneally.

Prevalence of dysmenorrhea among University students in Northern Ghana; its impact and management strategies.

Background: The period of menstruation is an eventful one for a significant number of post-pubescent females as they experience lower abdominal pains referred to as dysmenorrhea. This study conducted among female students of the Tamale campus of the University for Development Studies assessed the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, its impact on the students and treatment methods applied.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from 293 randomly selected female students.

Activity of Factor XII-Locarno.

Background: Factor XII (FXII) Locarno is a natural variant with proline replacing Arg353 at the activation cleavage site, preventing conversion to the fully active protease factor XIIa (FXIIa). Recently, we showed that FXII restricted to a single chain form (sc-FXII) by replacing Arg353 with alanine expresses proteolytic activity that is enhanced by cofactors such as polyphosphate.

Aim: To determine if the Pro353 substitution affects the activity of sc-FXII.

Converging Light, Energy and Hormonal Signaling Control Meristem Activity, Leaf Initiation, and Growth.

The development of leaf primordia is subject to light control of meristematic activity. Light regulates the expression of thousands of genes with roles in cell proliferation, organ development, and differentiation of photosynthetic cells. Previous work has highlighted roles for hormone homeostasis and the energy-dependent Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase in meristematic activity, yet a picture of how these two regulatory mechanisms depend on light perception and interact with each other has yet to emerge.

Coccidiosis of domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica Gmelin, 1789) in Kano State, Nigeria.

Pigeon coccidiosis is caused by Eimeria spp., a protozoan parasite which limits productivity by causing severe illness. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the coccidiosis of pigeons in some parts of Nigeria, there is no published data from Kano State.

Near-Field Inductive-Coupling Link to Power a Three-Dimensional Millimeter-Size Antenna for Brain Implantable Medical Devices.

Objective: Near-field inductive-coupling link can establish a reliable power source to a batteryless implantable medical device based on Faraday's law of induction.

Methods: In this paper, the design, modeling, and experimental verification of an inductive-coupling link between an off-body loop antenna and a 0.9  three-dimensional (3-D) bowtie brain implantable antenna is presented.

The pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in children aged 2 months to 16 years: A population analysis.

Background: Intravenous ketorolac is commonly administered to children for the control of postoperative pain. An effect site EC for analgesia of 0.37 mg L is described in adults.

An update on factor XI structure and function.

Factor XI (FXI) is the zymogen of a plasma protease, factor XIa (FXIa), that contributes to thrombin generation during blood coagulation by proteolytic activation of several coagulation factors, most notably factor IX (FIX). FXI is a homolog of prekallikrein (PK), a component of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system. While sharing structural and functional features with PK, FXI has undergone adaptive changes that allow it to contribute to blood coagulation.

Assessment of source of information for polio supplementary immunization activities in 2014 and 2015, Somali, Ethiopia.

Introduction: Communication is key for the successful implementation of polio vaccination campaigns. The purpose of this study is to review and analyse the sources of information utilized by caregivers during polio supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) in Somali, Ethiopia in 2014 and 2015.

Methods: Data on sources of information about the polio campaign were collected post campaign from caregivers by trained data collectors as part of house to house independent monitoring.

Modulation of the activated protein C pathway in severe haemophilia A patients: The effects of thrombomodulin and a factor V-stabilizing fab.

Introduction: The thrombomodulin (TM)/activated protein C (APC) system is a key regulator of haemostasis, limiting amplification and propagation of the formed blood clot to the injury site. Dampening APC's inhibition of factor V (FV) and factor VIII (FVIII) may be a future strategy in developing next-generation therapeutic targets for haemophilia treatment.

Aims: To determine ex vivo the respective concentration-dependent effects of TM and a FV-stabilizing Fab on the APC regulatory pathway in severe FVIII-deficient blood and plasma.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards blood donation among health care providers in hospitals at Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia.

Like other sub-Saharan Africa, in Ethiopia there is a shortage of adequate and safe blood supplies. Health care providers are potential resource and promoter of voluntary blood donation. This study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice towards blood donation among health care providers in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia.

Closed-form equation to estimate the dielectric properties of biological tissues as a function of age.

Developing microwave systems for biomedical applications requires accurate dielectric properties of biological tissues for reliable modeling before prototyping and subject testing. Dielectric properties of tissues decrease with age due to the change in their water content, but there are no detailed age-dependent data, especially for young tissue-like newborns, in the literature. In this article, an age-dependent formula to predict the dielectric properties of biological tissues was derived.

The Adequate Corpus Luteum: miR-96 Promotes Luteal Cell Survival and Progesterone Production.

Context: Inadequate progesterone production from the corpus luteum is associated with pregnancy loss. Data available in model species suggest important roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in luteal development and maintenance.

Objective: To comprehensively investigate the involvement of miRNAs during the ovarian follicle-luteal transition.

Intimate partner violence and utilization of maternal health care services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Despite its prominence, intimate partner violence (IPV) against women has received little attention in Ethiopia. And as many of sub-Saharan African countries, maternal health care services utilization remains poor. Full access and utilization of maternal health care services is a key to significant reduction in maternal and child mortality, and eliminate new HIV infection in infants.

Impact of high dose vitamin C on platelet function.

Aim: To examine the effect of high doses of vitamin C (VitC) on human platelets (PLTs).

Methods: Platelet concentrates collected for therapeutic or prophylactic transfusions were exposed to: (1) normal saline (control); (2) 0.3 mmol/L VitC (Lo VitC); or (3) 3 mmol/L VitC (Hi VitC, final concentrations) and stored appropriately.

Changing in the Epidemiology of Tinea Capitis among School Children in Egypt.

Background: Tinea capitis remains a prevalent health problem among school-aged children.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of tinea capitis among primary school students, in Fayoum, Egypt with identification of etiological agents in both public and private primary schools.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in twelve primary schools.

Success rate of nurse-led everting sutures for involutional lower lid entropion.

PurposeTo evaluate safety and long-term recurrence rate of entropion in patients having everting sutures (ES) for involutional entropion by ophthalmic nurses in a real clinical setting.Patients and methodsRetrospective notes review of all patients who had an outpatient ES by our trained ophthalmic nurses over 2 year's time period. Outcome measures were complication and recurrence rates.

Unsupervised analysis of combined lipid and coagulation data reveals coagulopathy subtypes among dialysis patients.

Hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) are the primary means of managing end stage renal disease (ESRD). However, these treatment modalities are associated with the onset of coagulation abnormalities. Effective management of coagulation risk among these patients requires the identification of surrogate markers that provide an early indication of the coagulation abnormalities.

Chronic administration of ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) may compromise glycaemic efficacy of Sitagliptin with no significant effect in retinopathy in a diabetic rat model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) has gained awareness for its antidiabetic effect, and is used as alternative therapy or concurrently with orthodox medicines such as sitagliptin in diabetes mellitus. This is without ascertaining the possibility of drug-herb interactions, which could either lead to enhanced antidiabetic efficacy, increased toxicity, or compromised glycaemic control with negative consequence in diabetic retinopathy.

A miRNA target network putatively involved in follicular atresia.

In a previous microarray study, we identified a subset of micro RNAS (miRNAs), which expression was distinctly higher in atretic than healthy follicles of cattle. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of those miRNAs in granulosa and theca cells during atresia. Reverse Transcription-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) confirmed that miR-21-5p/-3p, miR-150, miR-409a, miR-142-5p, miR-378, miR-222, miR-155, and miR-199a-5p were expressed at higher levels in atretic than healthy follicles (9-17 mm, classified based on steroidogenic capacity).