Case Rep Gastrointest Med
November 2024
Background: The aspect of sexual differentiation and the mechanism controlling the position of genitalia, which represents one of the most substantial differences between the sexes, is still poorly understood. Minor cases and some variants of penoscrotal transposition (PST) are unreported, and obvious cases were classified broadly and confused with other unrelated anomalies.
Methodology: Relevant literature published till 2022 were reviewed then organized, recapitulated, and presented in comparison with the findings and data of 65 child diagnosed with PST.
Background: Dorsal preservation (DP) caused privilege change in the concept of rhinoplasty and a promising superior functional and aesthetic transformation in rhinoplasty surgery. Avoiding dissection of the dorsal nasal bone and cartilage will leave the soft-tissue envelope intact, leading to a fine and smooth appearance, faster operation with less subsequent edema, and overall preservation of the dorsal aesthetic line.
Methods: This prospective study included 113 patients who underwent DP rhinoplasty for nasal hump treatment with minimum dissection of nasal dorsum soft-tissue envelope.
Introduction: Meckel's diverticulum is the commonest congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract in humans that is commonly encountered during surgical practice as the cause of the patient's presentation or as an incidental finding during other unrelated procedures. Most clinical symptoms are caused due to its complications.
Results: The mean age of the involved patients was 24.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected worldwide distributed parasitic disease caused by the Echinococcusgranulosus sensu lato (s.l.) species complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction And Importance: Fistula is an abnormal tract communicating two epithelial surfaces, uterocutaneous fistula is an extremely rare. The classical presentation is cyclical bleeding from an abnormal opening in the scar of previous cesarean section.
Case Presentation: A 28 year-old was presented 6 months after cesarean section with history of severe pain and blood discharge during menstruation from the previous transverse supra-pubic scar.
Cancer Treat Res Commun
March 2022
Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of tumors classified, according to different gene expressions that encodes for the hormone receptor status, into 4 main categories which are: luminal types A and B, triple negative/basal-like, and Her-2 molecular subtypes.
Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 311 breast cancer females. Patients were classified according to the expression of hormone receptors into: Luminal-A, luminal-B, HER-2 enriched and basal-like types.
Many free radicles are implicated to activate a number of oncogenic signaling, cause damage to deoxyribonucleic acid and tumor suppressor genes, or promote expression of proto-oncogenes. Reduced level of antioxidants and increases oxidative stress markers are associated with the development of various types of cancer.This prospective study included 60 women who were grouped into equal groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Urolithiasis is a prevalent disease worldwide with high recurrence rate, minimally invasive interventions have largely replaced open ones, namely PCNL and RIRS. Miniaturization, optical improvements, and modern laser types made these procedures safe and effective in the management of single renal stones.: Is to compare the effectiveness of mini PCNL with RIRS in the treatment of single renal stone of ≤25 mm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Rep Womens Health
July 2021
Background: Hydatid disease is a zoonotic condition caused by the adult or the larval stages of tapeworms belonging to the species or less commonly . The presentation depends on the site of involvement. Many cases are not symptomatic and may be discovered accidentally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Internal hernias rarely lead to bowel obstruction; they are caused by a natural or unnatural opening within the peritoneal cavity. Defects in the broad ligament are extremely rare. Patients present with features of intestinal obstruction and most cases are diagnosed during surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
May 2021
Background: Anomalies of the biliary system are frequently encountered. Agenesis of the gall bladder is a rare. The exact incidence is not known as most cases are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally during surgeries for unrelated conditions or at autopsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in most parts of the world. Its insufficiency or deficiency is implicated in bone diseases, some cancers, infectious diseases, heart disease, autoimmune and metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Results: The mean age of patients was 49.
Ann Med Surg (Lond)
February 2021
Introduction: Mammary duct ectasia is a common clinical condition characterized by abnormal dilatation of the central milk ducts with chronic inflammation and fibrosis, it may affect one or both breasts. Patients may be completely asymptomatic or have mastalgia or nipple discharge which is usually from multiple ducts. It mostly affects females and is very rare in males.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
February 2021
Background: Penile urethral stones are very and constitutes less than 1% of the urinary tract stones and commoner in males. They are either primary or secondary. The clinical diagnosis require high index of suspicion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
January 2021
Background: Teratomas arise from primordial germ cells which arrest during its migration from the hindgut allantois the gonads during the first weeks of gestational life, they may occur in both gonadal and extra-gonadal locations. They occur in 1/40,000 live births. The most common anatomical locations are the sacro-coccygeal region and the ovary, neck teratomas constituted about 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Many clinical and pre-clinical studies suggested the protective effect of vitamin D against cancer development and cancer progression. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide, and its link to DNA damage is worthy to study. It has been shown that vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of cancer with a favorable prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Numerous preoperative scoring systems predict difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Recently, the intraoperative difficulties which are facing surgeons are studied. A new scoring system categorize patients according to many intraoperative findings with a final outcome whether converting to open cholecystectomy or continuing laparoscopically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Supernumerary penises is an extremely rare congenital anomaly which affects one in every 5-6 million live births. Affected patients may have only a rudimentary penis, supernumerary penile glances or complete duplication or triplication of penises. Some patients may have some other associated congenital anomalies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
October 2020
Background: Hamartoma of the hypothalamus represents a well-known but rare cause of central precocious puberty and gelastic epilepsy. Due to the delicate site in which a tumor is located, surgery is often difficult and associated with considerable risks.
Case Presentation: 10-Year old girl presented with early and regular menstruation at the age of 1 year each cycle lasted for 3 days.
Introduction: Gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare tumors mainly arises from the second part of the duodenum. The tumor is generally benign, but some cases are associated with lymph node or distant metastasis. It must be differentiated from other tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
September 2020
Background: Crossed testicular ectopia is a rare form of urogenital anomalies in which both testes are migrated and descend through a single inguinal canal, one or both testes may be ectopic in the abdomen, the inguinal region or descent to the hemi-scrotum with empty contralateral hemi-scrotum.
Case Presentation: A 1.5-year-old male patient had an empty left scrotum with no palpable testis in the inguinal region with a palpable testis in the right scrotum with palpable other testis in the right inguinal region.
Colorectal cancers are among the commonest causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Adenomatous polyps which develop dysplastic changes are the main cause of invasive cancer. P53 inactivation is a key genetic step in the occurrence of cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe healthcare workers are at high risk of developing stress-related problems during outbreaks. This study aimed to explore the perceived stress and its relation to the duration of dealing with COVID-19 patients in medical doctors. The doctors who work in different medical settings in Iraqi Kurdistan during coronavirus outbreak were invited into this cross-sectional study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Med Surg (Lond)
September 2020
Introduction: The thyroid gland has a very important role in hematopoiesis, blood disorders are frequently seen in patients with thyroid disorders. Thyroid hormones have direct effect on blood parameters by stimulating erythrocytes precursors and indirectly by enhancing erythropoietin production.
Patients And Methods: This is a case-control study which included 300 subjects who were grouped to 3 equal groups as a control, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism groups.