Thermodynamic analysis of mono and hybrid nanofluid effect on the photovoltaic-thermal system performance: A comparative study.

The energy and exergy efficiency of a photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) system at various volume fractions is investigated with mono TiO nanofluid and new hybrid TiO-FeO nanofluid. Serpentine tubes soldered on an absorbing plate attached to the rear of the PV module have been proposed to evaluate the effect of nanofluids on the PV/T temperature reduction, energy produced, and exergy losses. The study compared energy and exergy with previous studies and delivered an economic analysis to confirm the feasibility of applying nanofluids.