Exploring the ethical dimensions in forensic entomology: From codes of conduct to professional accountability.

This article investigates a critical part of professional careers: adhering to a code of ethics that defines proper behavior within the context of one's specialized practice. It aims to improve the setting of forensic entomology work by highlighting the ethical issues that frequently emerge. The primary goal is to uncover common ethical issues involved in this field's everyday activities and provide informed advice on appropriate resolution options.

Decomposition and dipteran succession on buried rabbits carcasses.

The rabbit carcasses used in this study were buried at depths of 20 and 40 cm, were examined to construct a fly succession database on buried carrion in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Twenty-four rabbits were buried, 12 at 20 cm and 12 at 40 cm. One carcass at each depth was exhumed at 10-day intervals up to 120 days.

Beetles associated with buried carcasses: potential forensic importance in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Burial has a special influence on carrion fauna, which may change the rate of decomposition and so affect postmortem estimates. This study aimed to identify species and succession of beetles on buried remains. From 28 January to 31 May 2021, we examined the Coleoptera on buried and exposed rabbit carcasses, on the campus of the University of King Saud in an area measured around 175 m by 250 m.

A Comparison of the Checklist Scoring Systems, Global Rating Systems, and Borderline Regression Method for an Objective Structured Clinical Examination for a Small Cohort in a Saudi Medical School.

Background: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of using the checklist and global rating scores to evaluate the clinical competency of medical students in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs). Additionally, the study assesses the appropriateness of using the borderline regression method to set standards for small-scale OSCE exams and determines if the estimated passing marks differ significantly from the university's prefixed passing score of 70%. The study also examines whether the university should utilize the borderline regression method to determine passing scores for each OSCE exam instead of a set passing score.

The molecular interplay of known phytochemicals as and Rift Valley fever virus inhibitors through molecular docking.

Infectious diseases transmitted by vectors have claimed millions of lives. The mosquito is a main vector species of Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) transmission. RVFV is an arbovirus that infects both people and animals.

Infant With Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1a, Misdiagnosed as Congenital Hypothyroidism.

Background: Hypothyroidism is a manifestation of multi-hormonal resistance in pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia (PHP Ia).

Objective: The aim of this article was to present 9 months old male patient as case of congenital hypothyroidism.

Case Report: We describe a 9 months old male diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism at age 1.

Unusual Presentation of Diffuse Axonal Injury: A Case Report.

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is the microscopic axonal injury in the brain's neural pathways, corpus callosum, and brainstem, which has been linked to a major increase in morbidity and mortality. Patients present acutely with no lucid interval, abnormal pupil response, and decerebrate or decorticate posture. In this case report, we report on an 11-year-old girl who was agitated, crying, vomiting, had one episode of seizure, and had poor communication as a result of a high-risk mechanism side-impact motor vehicle collision (MVC).

Corrigendum to "Target and Non-target effects of and combined extract on mosquitoes" [Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 28(10) (2021) 5773-5780].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.

First Record of Brachymeria podagrica (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in Bisha City, Asir Region, Saudi Arabia.

Chalcid Brachymeria podagrica (Fabricius), formerly known as Brachymeria fonscolombei (Dufour), is a parasitoid wasp that infests dipteran larvae of fly, Sarcophaga dux (Thomson), (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) recovered from the dead body of sheep in Bisha City, Asir region-Saudi Arabia. S. dux larvae were infested by B.

Larvicidal activity and Histopathological changes of extracts and their combination on .

In order to develop an eco-friendly botanical larvicide alternative to the synthetic larvicides, extracts were prepared from the (C.B.) and Syzygium aromaticum (S.

Insecticidal effects of a novel polyherbal formulation (HF7) against L. (Diptera: Culicidae).

Plant secondary metabolites represent the most efficient and convenient method to control and overcome environmental pollution and insecticidal resistance. This study explored the mosquitocidal activity of the combined extract of seven plants, (HF7) extracted using a Soxhlet extractor against under laboratory conditions. Exposure of the 3rd instars of to HF7 hexane extract resulted in LC:114.

Target and non-target effects of and combined extract on mosquitoes.

The present study focused on extracting green larvicides from extracts of the combination of  and  using different solvents of increasing polarity in a Soxhlet extractor and evaluating their ovicidal, larvicidal, and cytotoxic activities. The most promising among all tested extracts was hexane extract. The ovicidal activity of the hexane PH2 extract resulted in a significant (p < 0.

Effect of Zolpidem Tartrate on the Developmental Rate of Forensically Important Flies Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Chrysomya saffranea.

Entomotoxicology is an emerging science in the forensic investigation of death; it now influences judicial activities. Briefly, carrion flies ingest various chemicals as they feed on a cadaver. In entomotoxicology, such toxicological compounds are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in insects recovered from carrion.

Samsum ant venom protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute spleen toxicity in vivo.

Many active molecules used in the development of new drugs are produced by ants. Present study assessed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Samsum ant venom (SAV) extract in carbon tetrachloride (CCL)-induced spleen toxicity. Toxicity and oxidative stress were measured in four experimental groups: a negative control group without any treatment, a positive control group (CCl-treated rats; a single dose of 1 ml/kg CCL), an experimental group of CCl-treated rats co-treated daily with SAV (100 μl), and a group to determine safe use with rats treated only with SAV (100 μl) daily for 3 weeks.

Impacts of antemortem ingestion of alcoholic beverages on insect successional patterns.

This paper studies the impacts of antemortem ingestion of alcoholic beverages by the domestic rabbit, L., on postmortem successional patterns of insects during winter and summer 2018 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Insect samples were collected from the carcasses of rabbits fed alcoholic beverages as well as untreated rabbits for 15 days postmortem during two successional studies in each season.

Seasonal Impact of Heroin on Rabbit Carcass Decomposition and Insect Succession.

This study investigates the succession of insects and the length of the decomposition of rabbit carcasses injected with heroin. In total, 24 rabbits (2-2.5 kg, Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus L.

The burden of bites and stings management: Experience of an academic hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: The main aim of this study is to estimate the economic burden and prevalence of bites and stings injuries in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC) for all bites and stings cases presented to the Emergency Department (ED) between the period June 2015 and May 2019.

Results: A total of 1328 bites and stings cases were treated in the ED at KSUMC.

Detection of benzodiazepines in decomposing rabbit tissues and certain necrophagic dipteran species of forensic importance.

The determination of benzodiazepines (carbamazepine and clobazam) in rabbit carcass tissues and larvae of three Calliphorid flies is described. After feeding the rabbits with lethal and toxic doses, samples of larvae and carcass tissues were studied. Residual drugs were determined using Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography - quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS).

Two human cases associated with forensic insects in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, we are reporting two cases of natural death. The two bodies showed different types of habitat, insect colonization and decomposition stage. The first case was about the body of a 65-years-old male, with mummification of the clothed body was found in an outdoor habitat.

Forensic insects attracted to human cadavers in a vehicular environment in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Insect fauna attracted to cadavers at the crime scene can be identified and used to estimate the post-mortem interval (PMI). In the current study, insects associated with two human cadavers in a vehicular environment were collected and analysed. The first cadaver was found five days' post mortem in a garage.

Utilization of scrotal orchidopexy for palpable undescended testes among surgeons.

Introduction: Scrotal orchidopexy for palpable undescended testicle (UDT) has received attention in the last decade due to its lower morbidity. This study was conducted to determine the frequency and factors related to the use of the scrotal approach in the surgical treatment of palpable UDT among surgeons.

Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out using an online survey, which was sent to different pediatric urologists, pediatric surgeons, and urologists groups.

Samsum Ant Venom Exerts Anticancer Activity Through Immunomodulation In Vitro and In Vivo.

Samsum ant venom (SAV) is a rich repertoire of natural compounds with tremendous pharmacological properties. The present work explores its antineoplastic activity in different cell lines followed by its confirmation in vivo. The cell lines, HepG2, MCF-7, and LoVo showed the differential dose-dependent antineoplastic effect with an increased level of significant cytokines, including Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 and transcription factor, Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB).

Morphology and ultrastructure of the mandibular gland in the ant Brachyponera sennaarensis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae).

The 'samsum ant' Brachyponera sennaarensis is an invasive species in Saudi Arabia, where it forms a serious threat because of its painful sting. As part of a morphological survey of the exocrine system of this species, we studied the mandibular gland of males, queens and workers of this species. The gland of males is similar to the common anatomical appearance the mandibular gland has in ants in general, but is considerably different in queens and workers.