Perspectives toward the application of Artificial Intelligence in anesthesiology-related practices in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study of physicians views.

Background And Aims: The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) relies on computer science and large datasets, with the technology mimicking human intelligence as it makes logical decisions. This study aims to assess the perceptions and experiences of anesthesiology practitioners toward AI and identify its benefits to healthcare professionals and patients, along with current and future applications of AI.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive online survey study was disseminated to physicians who work in anesthesiology practice in Saudi Arabia.

Acquired Zinc Deficiency in Preterm Infant Post-Surgery for Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) on Prolonged Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN).

Zinc (Zn) is a vital trace element that plays a pivotal role in protein synthesis, cellular growth, and differentiation and is involved as a cofactor of metalloenzymes, performing a wide variety of metabolic, immune, and synthesis roles. Zn is required at all stages of an infant's and child's development, and severe Zn deficiency has been reported to lead to slower physical, cognitive, and sexual growth. Preterm neonates are at a higher risk of developing zinc deficiency for a variety of reasons, including low Zn intake from enteral feeds containing breast milk, relative malabsorption due to immaturity of the gastrointestinal tract with limited absorptive capacity, increased urinary loss of zinc, and increased demand during the early developmental stages.

Ratios of Neutrophils and Platelets to Lymphocytes as Predictors of Postoperative Intensive Care Unit Admission and Length of Stay in Bariatric Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Study.

: This study aimed to investigate the role of the pre- and postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting intensive care unit (ICU) admission and postoperative length of stay (LOS) in bariatric surgery. : We retrospectively analysed 96 patients who underwent bariatric surgery at our institution. The NLR and PLR were calculated in the pre- and postoperative stages.

ACTION Teens Saudi Arabia: Perceptions, attitudes, motivators, and barriers among adolescents living with obesity, caregivers, and healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia.

Obesity is predicted to affect approximately one-quarter of children/adolescents in Saudi Arabia by 2030, but there is limited evidence regarding the perceptions, attitudes, behaviours, and barriers to effective obesity care for adolescents living with obesity (ALwO), caregivers of ALwO, and healthcare professionals (HCPs). We report data from 500 ALwO (aged 12-<18 years), 500 caregivers, and 200 HCPs surveyed in Saudi Arabia as part of the global, cross-sectional ACTION Teens study (NCT05013359). Nearly all respondents recognized that obesity has a strong impact on overall health (ALwO 88%; caregivers 85%; HCPs 90%).

Burden of Illness of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Five-Year Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with huge clinical and economic burden in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) which can be curtailed by efficacious treatment. In order to achieve this, current treatment pathways for T2DM and associated costs need to be assessed.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort review was conducted to collect country-specific and patient-specific clinical data, over a minimum observation period of 5 years in the KSA.

Silver Nanoparticles from Saudi and Syrian Black Cumin Seed Extracts: Green Synthesis, ADME, Toxicity, Comparative Research, and Biological Appraisal.

Objective: The current study's objective is to highlight the value of using plant resources to identify key bioactive molecules and implement green chemistry in research and development to meet market demand.

Materials And Methods: The black cumin seeds (Saudi and Syria originated) were utilized to make silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), which were subsequently confirmed using a UV spectrophotometer and color analysis of reaction mixtures. The antibacterial activity of Ag-NPs was tested against , K.

The Value of Preoperative Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Predictor of Prolonged Hospital Stay in Orthopedic Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Many risk factors, such as the duration of surgery and higher ASA scores, are associated with longer hospitalization in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. However, no studies have evaluated the relationship between the preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and length of hospital stay in orthopedic surgical patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the SII is associated with the length of hospital stay in orthopedic surgery in adults.

Regional anesthesia for geriatric population.

Advancements in modern health care over 20 years have substantially increased the average lifespan in developed countries, and the fastest growing population is the elderly population. The proportion of people in Saudi Arabia aged 60 or more is predicted to be 25 percent of the total population of 40 million by the end of 2050. Moreover, the number of people aged 80 or more is expected to reach 1.

Home versus Clinic Blood Pressure Monitoring: Evaluating Applicability in Hypertension Management via Telemedicine.

Hypertension is a significant public health concern in Saudi Arabia, affecting 28.6% of the population. Despite the availability of effective treatments, optimal blood pressure control is not always achieved, highlighting the need for effective management strategies.

A Challenging Case of Heart Displacement by a Large Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor.

Mediastinal germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare and aggressive cancers originating from the germ cells in the mediastinum. Early detection and treatment are vital due to their high potential for metastasis and recurrence. We present a case of a 28-year-old man who exhibited a cough and shortness of breath.

Use of Self-Study Resources Among Medical Students-Towards Avoiding Death by PowerPoint.

Reliance on PowerPoint (PPT) slides for self-studying may encourage lower-order cognition due to learning by rote dominating the educational process. On anecdotal evidence, PPT slides have become ubiquitous among Saudi medical students as the chief format of self-study material. We present the scale of the problem in Saudi medical colleges and then discuss the relevant potential implications and remedies.

The use of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH): a retrospective study.

Purpose: As most of the cases of avascular necrosis (AVN) in Saudi Arabia is seen in young population and as literature showed good effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in reducing pain and oedema in avascular necrosis and delaying the need of surgical intervention. Our purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of ESWT in reducing pain, improving range of motion (ROM) and delaying the surgical intervention in patient with AVN of femoral head and compare our results to published literature.

Material And Methods: We have treated 24 patients, 13 males and 11 females with a mean age of 29 years (range 14-48) with 34 hips affected.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Liver Transplantation Recipients after Tranexamic Acid Treatment and Platelet Transfusion: A Retrospective Single-Centre Experience.

: Patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) often require increased blood product transfusion due to pre-existing coagulopathy and intraoperative fibrinolysis. Strategies to minimise intraoperative bleeding and subsequent blood product requirements include platelet transfusion and tranexamic acid (TXA). Prophylactic TXA administration has been shown to reduce bleeding and blood product requirements intraoperatively.

Mental Health and Sleep Quality of Healthcare Providers After Partial Relief of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: We aimed to assess sleep quality and psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the context of mitigated governmental restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 370 HCWs from a single tertiary healthcare institution in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Sleep quality and psychological distress were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21).

Effect of Helmet Noninvasive Ventilation vs Usual Respiratory Support on Mortality Among Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19: The HELMET-COVID Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Helmet noninvasive ventilation has been used in patients with COVID-19 with the premise that helmet interface is more effective than mask interface in delivering prolonged treatments with high positive airway pressure, but data about its effectiveness are limited.

Objective: To evaluate whether helmet noninvasive ventilation compared with usual respiratory support reduces mortality in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a multicenter, pragmatic, randomized clinical trial that was conducted in 8 sites in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait between February 8, 2021, and November 16, 2021.

Awareness of general nurses in management of postoperative pain through patient controlled analgesia - Comparison among the Czech Republic and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background: Postoperative pain management is one of the largest worldwide challenges faced by healthcare professionals and is one of the most common problems that accompany patients in the postoperative period.

Objectives: We evaluated the awareness of general nurses on the management of postoperative pain through PCA (patient-controlled analgesia) on a multicultural level among general nurses from the Czech Republic (CZ) and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by the distribution of the questionnaires.

The Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Specificity of a New Endoscopic Diagnostic Sign of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis: Intrapolypoidal White Particles.

Purpose: The diagnostic criteria of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis focus on characteristic clinical, radiographic, histopathologic findings and immunologic characteristics of the disease. None of these are useful for a prompt outpatient diagnosis of the condition. No clear endoscopic signs (pathognomonic) of polyps in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis are mentioned in the literature.

A comparative study of the efficacy of Glidescope versus Macintosh direct laryngoscopy for intubation in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Background: The Glidescope is a novel, portable, reusable video laryngoscope that has provided superior laryngeal visualization to facilitate tracheal intubation, especially in the management of difficult airways. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of the Glidescope (video-laryngoscope) against the Macintosh direct laryngoscope.

Methods: Fifty patients were randomly selected via simple randomization using computer-generated random numbers, and sorted into two groups of 25 patients: the Glidescope group and the Macintosh group.

Psychometric appraisal of the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) Arabic-version.

Interprofessional education within healthcare has been shown to have many benefits, however, it is a relatively new educational concept within the Arabic setting. Although the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale is a commonly utilised tool to examine student attitudes, there is a lack of evidence for use of an Arabic translated version. The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate an Arabic language version of the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale with Saudi nurses.

Managing critical care during COVID-19 pandemic: The experience of an ICU of a tertiary care hospital.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has strained ICUs worldwide. To learn from our experience, we described the critical care response to the outbreak.

Methods: This is a case study of the response of the Intensive Care Department (75-bed capacity) at a tertiary-care hospital to COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in a high number of critically ill patients.

Decreasing prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the central region of Saudi Arabia (2008-2017).

Objective: Widespread vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 50 nmol/L) in Saudi Arabia (SA) has been documented, yet a time trend is needed to establish where the prevalence is headed. This study aims to fill this gap.

Study Design And Setting: This cross-sectional series (N = 7360) were conducted in the central region of SA from 2008 to 2017.

Emergency cesarean section in a COVID-19 patient: A case report.

Perioperative management of patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be extremely challenging in order to keep the balance between providing optimal medical care and protecting health-care providers from the risk of infection. We report a 37-year-old COVID-19 patient undergoing an emergency cesarean section.

The impact of telemedicine on patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia: Findings and implications.

Introduction: Routine diabetes care changed during the COVID-19 pandemic due to precautionary measures such as lockdowns, cancellation of in-person visits, and patients' fear of being infected when attending clinics. Because of the pandemic, virtual clinics were implemented to provide diabetes care. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the impact of these virtual clinics on glycaemic control among high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Shear Bond Strength of a Resin Composite to Six Pulp Capping Materials Used in Primary Teeth.

Aim: The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) and bond failure types of a resin-composite to six pulp-capping materials used in primary teeth.

Study Design: Eight-disc specimens from each pulp-capping material (6 groups) to bond to Filtek™ Z350 XT Flowable using a standard PVC tube (2×2mm). All groups were prepared according to the instruction of the manufacturer.