Uncovering myocardial infarction genetic signatures using GWAS exploration in Saudi and European cohorts.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded significant insights into the genetic architecture of myocardial infarction (MI), although studies in non-European populations are still lacking. Saudi Arabian cohorts offer an opportunity to discover novel genetic variants impacting disease risk due to a high rate of consanguinity. Genome-wide genotyping (GWG), imputation and GWAS followed by meta-analysis were performed based on two independent Saudi Arabian studies comprising 3950 MI patients and 2324 non-MI controls.

Interplay of Mendelian and polygenic risk factors in Arab breast cancer patients.

Background: Breast cancer patients from the indigenous Arab population present much earlier than patients from Western countries and have traditionally been underrepresented in cancer genomics studies. The contribution of polygenic and Mendelian risk toward the earlier onset of breast cancer in the population remains elusive.

Methods: We performed low-pass whole genome sequencing (lpWGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) from 220 female breast cancer patients unselected for positive family history from the indigenous Arab population.

The Perceptions and Expectations of the Clinical Learning Environment in Saudi Arabia: a Multidisciplinary Study.

Background: The clinical learning environment is a fundamental component of healthcare education. In this setting, students can develop the skills and knowledge necessary to become competent and efficient healthcare practitioners. Due to the importance of clinically based education, it is crucial to have a valid and reliable tool to enable its evaluation.

Saudi Healthcare Students' Perceptions and Beliefs About Immunizations: a Descriptive, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Immunization has been one of the most successful public health measures ever undertaken. However, a degree of hesitancy about vaccine use still exists. Healthcare professionals are in a unique position to provide advice and education to the public and may influence the decision to undergo immunization.

The Role of Activated Charcoal in Prehospital Care.

Background: Administration of a single-dose activated charcoal (SDAC) is an effective method used for gastric decontamination and for other types of poisoning and overdose. This is only true when given within the first hour of poison ingestion as the effectivity of SDAC reduces over time. In addition, generally, not all patients are able to avail treatment within the specified period.

Emergency Physicians' Awareness of Medico-Legal Case Management: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia.

Background: Emergency department physicians often encounter medico-legal cases when patients initially present to the hospital, and thus there is a strong need for them to have robust medico-legal management and reporting knowledge.

Objective: To assess the awareness of emergency department physicians of two major hospitals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia in managing medico-legal cases.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey-based study included all adult and pediatric emergency physicians working at King Fahd Hospital of the University and King Fahd Specialist Hospital, two major government hospitals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Post-COVID-19 non-traumatic iliopsoas hematoma: A case report.

Background: Critically ill COVID-19 patients have an elevated risk of experiencing hypercoagulable conditions. Currently, many COVID-19 patients have been administered anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapies to lower the risk of systematic thrombosis. Iliopsoas hematoma is a potentially fatal and rare complication of bleeding disorders or anticoagulation therapy which sometimes grows to become clinically significant.

Characteristics of Medico-Legal Cases and Errors in Medico-Legal Reports at a Teaching Hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: A medico-legal case (MLC) involves any injury or medical condition in which law enforcement agencies investigate and fix the responsibility regarding of an injury or medical condition. Incorrect or incomplete medico-legal reports (MLRs) may trigger a pause or delay in legal proceedings and patients' rights could be violated. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of MLCs and to identify errors in the MLRs.

High-Flow Nasal Cannula Treatment in Patients with COVID-19 Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Early use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) decreases the need for endotracheal intubation (EI) in different respiratory failure causes. While HFNC is used in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) under weak recommendations, its efficacy remains to be investigated.

Objectives: The primary objective was to examine HFNC efficacy in preventing EI among COVID-19 patients with AHRF.

Ketamine administration for acute painful sickle cell crisis: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-dose ketamine infusion in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) who presented with acute sickle vasoocclusive crisis (VOC).

Methods: This study was a parallel-group, prospective, randomized, double-blind, pragmatic trial. Participants were randomized to receive a single dose of either ketamine or morphine, infused over 30 min.

Assessment on CPR Knowledge and AED Availability in Saudi Malls by Security Personnel: Public Safety Perspective.

Security personnel are the first ones who attend the scene in the case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) at malls. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is not enough for those patients; they need an automated external defibrillator (AED) to bring the heart to function normally. This study aimed to assess the current status of CPR and AED knowledge and availability in Saudi malls by security personnel.

A characterization of synthetic cannabinoid exposures reported to the National Poison Data System in 2010.

Study Objective: Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol homologs have been increasingly abused since their introduction in 2004. Such products were used as a "legal high" for those wishing to experience cannabinoid effects while evading basic drugs-of-abuse testing. We describe a series of exposures to products marketed as synthetic cannabinoids to better characterize the clinical effects in these patients.