Blastocystis in the faeces of children from six distant countries: prevalence, quantity, subtypes and the relation to the gut bacteriome.

Background: Blastocystis is a human gut symbiont of yet undefined clinical significance. In a set of faecal samples collected from asymptomatic children of six distant populations, we first assessed the community profiles of protist 18S rDNA and then characterized Blastocystis subtypes and tested Blastocystis association with the faecal bacteriome community.

Methods: Stool samples were collected from 244 children and young persons (mean age 11.

Eukaryotic viruses in the fecal virome at the onset of type 1 diabetes: A study from four geographically distant African and Asian countries.

Objectives: Studies of the fecal virome in type 1 diabetes (T1D) have been limited to populations of Europe and the United States. We therefore sought to characterize the stool virome in children after onset of T1D and in matched control subjects from four geographically distant African and Asian countries.

Methods: Samples of stool were collected from 73 children and adolescents shortly after T1D onset (Azerbaijan 19, Jordan 20, Nigeria 14, Sudan 20) and 105 matched control subjects of similar age and locale.

Incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents aged 6 months-19 years in Khartoum State, Sudan.

The aim of this study is to measure the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in Khartoum State, Sudan. Records of all patients aged 6 months-19 years, living in Khartoum State and who were known to have or newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in all health institutes (both governmental and private) during the period January to December 2015, were reviewed. In addition to the records, interviews with patients and caregivers attending the clinics were conducted.

The bacteriome at the onset of type 1 diabetes: A study from four geographically distant African and Asian countries.

Objectives: Gut bacteriome profiling studies in type 1 diabetes (T1D) to date are mostly limited to populations of Europe, with two studies from China and one study each from Mexico and the USA. We therefore sought to characterize the stool bacteriome in children after onset of T1D along with age- and place-matched control subjects from four geographically distant African and Asian countries.

Methods: Samples were collected from 73 children and adolescents shortly after T1D onset (Azerbaijan 19, Jordan 20, Nigeria 14, Sudan 20) and 104 matched control subjects of similar age and locale.

Blood lead levels and childhood asthma.

Objective: To measure blood lead levels in children (5-14 y) with bronchial asthma, and correlate with asthma severity.

Design: Cross-sectional analytical.

Setting: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic of a Childrens hospital in Cairo, Egypt.

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor in paediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor is an endogenous protease inhibitor that regulates the initiation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway by producing factor Xa-mediated feedback inhibition of the tissue factor/factor VIIa (TF/VIIA) catalytic complex. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate plasma TFPI levels in paediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome and its correlation with disease activity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifteen nephrotic patients in relapse (proteinuria>40mg/m2/hour, hypoalbuminemia, and edema) before initiating steroid therapy (Group I), and another15 nephrotic patients in remission after withdrawal of steroid therapy (Group II) were compared to 15 age- and sex-matched healthy children (Group III).