Pathological roles of lncRNA HOTAIR in liver cancer: An updated review.

Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most prevalent form of cancer and stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities on a global scale. The two primary types of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). While ICC originates from the bile ducts, HCC develops from hepatocytes, which are the primary functional cells of the liver.

Innovations in cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive overview of recent breakthroughs and future directions.

A major advance in cancer treatment has been the development and refinement of cancer immunotherapy. The discovery of immunotherapies for a wide range of cancers has revolutionized cancer treatment paradigms. Despite relapse or refractory disease, immunotherapy approaches can prolong the life expectancy of metastatic cancer patients.

Dual role of microRNA-31 in human cancers; focusing on cancer pathogenesis and signaling pathways.

Widespread changes in the expression of microRNAs in cancer result in abnormal gene expression for the miRNAs that control those genes, which in turn causes changes to entire molecular networks and pathways. The frequently altered miR-31, which is found in a wide range of cancers, is one cancer-related miRNA that is particularly intriguing. MiR-31 has a very complicated set of biological functions, and depending on the type of tumor, it may act both as a tumor suppressor and an oncogene.

Role of homeobox genes in cancer: immune system interactions, long non-coding RNAs, and tumor progression.

The intricate interplay between Homeobox genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and the development of malignancies represents a rapidly expanding area of research. Specific discernible lncRNAs have been discovered to adeptly regulate HOX gene expression in the context of cancer, providing fresh insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern cancer development and progression. An in-depth comprehension of these intricate associations may pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.

Exosomal Non-coding RNA Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Autoimmune Diseases Progression and Therapy; an Updated Review.

Inflammation and autoimmune diseases (AD) are common outcomes of an overactive immune system. Inflammation occurs due to the immune system reacting to damaging stimuli. Exosomes are being recognized as an advanced therapeutic approach for addressing an overactive immune system, positioning them as a promising option for treating AD.

Inhibitors of the mTOR signaling pathway can play an important role in breast cancer immunopathogenesis.

This study explores the critical role of inhibitors targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in breast cancer research and treatment. The mTOR pathway, a central regulator of cellular processes, has been identified as a crucial factor in the development and progression of breast cancer. The essay explains the complex molecular mechanisms through which mTOR inhibitors, such as rapamycin and its analogs, exert their anticancer effects.

Multi-Drug Resistance and Breast Cancer Progression via Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) Signaling.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential receptors involved in inflammation and innate immunity. Various types of cancer cells, as well as innate immune cells, express TLRs. There is mounting proof that TLRs are critical to the development and spread of cancer as well as metabolism.

Specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for targeting the metastasis, immune responses, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer cells (CRC).

Colorectal cancer (CRC) involves various genetic alterations, with liver metastasis posing a significant clinical challenge. Furthermore, CRC cells mostly show an increase in resistance to traditional treatments like chemotherapy. It is essential to investigate more advanced and effective therapies to prevent medication resistance and metastases and extend patient life.

The association of metabolic syndrome with telomere length as a marker of cellular aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: It has been suggested that metabolic syndrome (MetS) accelerates the aging process, potentially contributing to the development of age-related complications. Available studies examining the relation of MetS to telomere length (TL), a putative biological marker of aging, have yielded inconclusive findings. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between MetS and TL.

An updated study of the relationship between bacterial infections and women's immune system, focusing on bacterial compositions with successful pregnancy.

Genital tract infections can cause a variety of harmful health outcomes, including endometritis, bacterial vaginosis, and pelvic inflammatory disease, in addition to infertility. Anaerobic bacteria, such as Gardnerella vaginalis, Megasphaera spp., and Atopobium vaginae, are more commonly identified in cases of bacterial vaginosis than lactobacilli.

Detailed role of SR-A1 and SR-E3 in tumor biology, progression, and therapy.

The first host defense systems are the innate immune response and the inflammatory response. Among innate immune cells, macrophages, are crucial because they preserve tissue homeostasis and eradicate infections by phagocytosis, or the ingestion of particles. Macrophages exhibit phenotypic variability contingent on their stimulation state and tissue environment and may be detected in several tissues.

miRNAs in radiotherapy resistance of cancer; a comprehensive review.

While intensity-modulated radiation therapy-based comprehensive therapy increases outcomes, cancer patients still have a low five-year survival rate and a high recurrence rate. The primary factor contributing to cancer patients' poor prognoses is radiation resistance. A class of endogenous non-coding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), controls various biological processes in eukaryotes.

HOXA9 versus HOXB9; particular focus on their controversial role in tumor pathogenesis.

The Homeobox (HOX) gene family is essential to regulating cellular processes because it maintains the exact coordination required for tissue homeostasis, cellular differentiation, and embryonic development. The most distinctive feature of this class of genes is the presence of the highly conserved DNA region known as the homeobox, which is essential for controlling their regulatory activities. Important players in the intricate process of genetic regulation are the HOX genes.

LncRNA NEAT1 in the pathogenesis of liver-related diseases.

Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that is widely expressed in a variety of mammalian cell types. Altered expression levels of the lncRNA NEAT1 have been reported in liver-related disorders including cancer, fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, viral hepatitis, and hepatic ischemia. lncRNA NEAT1 mostly acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge various miRNAs (miRs) to regulate different functions.

Synergistic effects of Metformin and Forskolin on oxidative stress induced by diabetes and hepatocellular cancer: An animal study.

Aim: This study proposed to assess the synergistic effects of Forskolin and Metformin (alone and in combination) on glucose, hematological, liver serum, and oxidative stress parameters in diabetic, healthy, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced rats.

Materials And Methods: Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into 10 experimental groups (8 rats for each group), including 1) healthy group, 2) diabetic group, 3) HCC group, 4) diabet + Metformin (300 mg/kg), 5) diabet + Forskolin (100 mg/kg), 6) diabet + Metformin (300 mg/kg) & Forskolin (100 mg/kg), 7) HCC + Metformin (300 mg/kg), 8) HCC + Forskolin (100 mg/kg), 9) HCC + Metformin (300 mg/kg) & Forskolin (100 mg/kg), and 10) healthy group + Metformin (300 mg/kg) & Forskolin (100 mg/kg). The rats were administrated Forskolin/Metformin daily for 8 weeks.

Synthesis of N,N'-alkylidene bisamides and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction derivatives with Pd organometallic catalyst anchored to channels of mesoporous silica MCM-41.

At first, an organometallic catalyst namely, Pd-DPyE@MCM-41@MNP was prepared through magnetic (FeO) nanoparticles-doped into channels of mesoporous silica MCM-41 and then, anchoring a novel complex composed of di(4-pyridyl)ethylene and palladium on the inner surface of the support. This immobilized catalyst was successfully identified via VSM, ICP-OES, TEM, FTIR, TGA, SEM, BET, XRD, EDX and elemental mapping analyses. After that, it was used as a versatile, heterogeneous, and magnetically reproducible catalyst in the generation of N,N'-alkylidene bisamides (1a-13a, 8-20 min, 90-98%, 50 °C, solvent-free) and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) reaction derivatives (1b-26b, 10-140 min, 86-98%, 60 °C, PEG-400).

Nucleic acid vaccines-based therapy for triple-negative breast cancer: A new paradigm in tumor immunotherapy arena.

Nucleic acid vaccines (NAVs) have the potential to be economical, safe, and efficacious. Furthermore, just the chosen antigen in the pathogen is the target of the immune responses brought on by NAVs. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment shows great promise for nucleic acid-based vaccines, such as DNA (as plasmids) and RNA (as messenger RNA [mRNA]).

Revolutionizing Infection Control: Harnessing MXene-Based Nanostructures for Versatile Antimicrobial Strategies and Healthcare Advancements.

The escalating global health challenge posed by infections prompts the exploration of innovative solutions utilizing MXene-based nanostructures. Societally, the need for effective antimicrobial strategies is crucial for public health, while scientifically, MXenes present promising properties for therapeutic applications, necessitating scalable production and comprehensive characterization techniques. Here we review the versatile physicochemical properties of MXene materials for combatting microbial threats and their various synthesis methods, including etching and top-down or bottom-up techniques.

A comprehensive review of lncRNA CRNDE in cancer progression and pathology, with a specific glance at the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process.

It has been suggested that the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), such as colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE), may contribute to the formation of human cancer. It is yet unknown, though, what therapeutic significance CRNDE expression has for different forms of cancer. CRNDE has recently been proposed as a possible diagnostic biomarker and prognostic pred for excellent specificity and sensitivity in cancer tissues and plasma.

A phenanthroline-based erbium (III) complex: molecular docking, DNA/BSA -binding and biological evaluation.

With the help of both theoretical as well as experimental research, binding research with CT-DNA (calf thymus) and BSA (bovine serum albumin) were carefully examined to figure out the chemotherapeutic and pharmacokinetic facets of the Erbium complex, which contains 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen). The binding characteristics and the mechanism of complex's interaction with DNA as well as the protein were determined utilizing fluorescence quenching method. Findings indicated that the complex's interaction with DNA groove binding into DNA's minor grooves, with their binding constants falling within the 10 M range.

Antibacterial activity and DNA interaction of triazine iron and ruthenium complexes: spectroscopic, voltammetric and theoretical studies.

The 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (tptz), [Ru(μ-tptz)]Cl and [Fe(μ-tptz)]Cl, complexes containing Ru (1) and Fe (2) are created. Using electronic absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, viscosity measurement and electrochemistry, as well as two complexes with Fish Salmon DNA (FS-DNA), the binding interactions of these complexes were investigated. According to binding assays, complexes bind to DNA through a mild intercalation mechanism, most likely the DNA helix's base pairs being intercalated by the tptz ligand.

Relationship between body mass index and mortality of burns patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality of burn patients. A comprehensive, systematic search was conducted in different international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database (SID) using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "Body mass index", "Burns" and "Mortality" from the earliest to the April 1, 2023. The quality of the studies included in this systematic review was evaluated using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool).