Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Pediatric Patients at King Saud University Dental Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia-A Radiographic Analysis.

Objectives: To record the prevalence of dental anomalies in children visiting King Saud Dental Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study involved radiographic examination of children aged 6 to 14 years who visited King Saud Dental Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in the past five years. Four dental interns were trained in three consecutive sessions by a pediatric dentist and evaluated the orthopantomograms of the children.

Assessment of appropriate utilization of out-of-office diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of hypertension.

Background: Out-of-office blood pressure (BP) measurement devices, such as ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and home BP monitoring (HBPM), enhance the accuracy and reliability of BP readings, detecting white-coat and masked hypertension. The American Heart Association (AHA) advises confirming hypertension diagnoses with ABPM to prevent overdiagnosis, emphasizing the importance of precise out-of-office diagnostic tools. This study aimed to 1) explore the prevalence of ABPM and HBPM use prior to hypertension diagnosis; 2) assess the adherence to AHA recommendations regarding ABPM utilization; and 3) investigate the association between patient characteristics and out-of-office BP monitoring practices.

Assessing the Impact of Irritable Bowel Syndrome on Quality of Life in Patients at Family Medicine and Primary Health Care Clinics of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh.

Introduction Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent GI conditions, characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain relieved by defecation, changes in bowel habits (e.g., diarrhea, constipation, or both), and bloating.

A Ni(II)MOF-based hypersensitive dual-function luminescent sensor towards the 3-nitrotyrosine biomarker and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil antithyroid drug in urine.

Trace detection of bioactive small molecules (BSMs) in body fluids is of great importance for disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and health monitoring. Based on the chiral ligand of 4,4'-(1,2-dihydroxyethane-1,2-diyl)dibenzoic acid (HL), an achiral 3D porous Ni(II)-MOF, with a trinuclear cluster based (3,9)-c {4·6}{4·6·8}-xmz net, was constructed under solvothermal conditions. Benefiting from its robust framework and excellent luminescent performance, NiMOF was endowed with remarkable capabilities in efficiently, rapidly, and sensitively detecting the 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) biomarker and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (6-PTU) thyroid drug based on the spectral overlap and photo-induced electron transfer (PET) caused luminescence quenching response.

In silico exploration of deep-sea fungal metabolites as inhibitor of Ebola and Marburg VP35 and VP40.

VP30 and VP40 proteins of Ebola and Marburg viruses have been recognized as potential targets for antiviral drug development due to their essential roles in the viral lifecycle. Targeting these proteins could disrupt key stages of the viral replication process, inhibiting the viruses' ability to propagate and cause disease. The current study aims to perform molecular docking and virtual screening on deep-sea fungal metabolites targeting Marburg virus VP40 Dimer, matrix protein VP40 from Ebola virus Sudan, Ebola VP35 Interferon Inhibitory Domain, and VP35 from Marburg virus.

Challenges and Barriers to Medical Research Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia.

Background:  The pivotal role of research in medicine is undeniable, as it is vital for the progress of healthcare methods and patients' well-being. This notwithstanding, medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia face many barriers that prevent them from participating in research activities. This research aims to reveal the impediments that are particularly relevant, with select challenges and barriers being mentioned, such as time issues, the inadequate supply of resources, and insufficient training and guidance.

Knowledge and Attitude of Patients Attending Primary Health Care (PHC) or Family Medicine Clinics About Periodic Health Assessment.

Background This study assesses the awareness and perceptions of periodic health assessments (PHA) among patients at primary health care (PHC) and family medicine clinics. Despite PHC's importance in preventive health, previous research indicates a significant gap in the public's knowledge and routine practice of PHA, potentially affected by various demographic factors. Materials & methods A cross-sectional approach was employed in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with data gathered via self-administered questionnaires from 382 participants.

Inappropriate laboratory test utilization in outpatient tertiary care: Implications for value-based healthcare.

Objectives: To assess the rate of inappropriate repetition of laboratory testing and estimate the cost of such testing for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total cholesterol, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 tests.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out in the Family Medicine and Polyclinic Department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Clinical and laboratory data were collected between 2018-2021 for the 4 laboratory tests.

The Influence of Gender and Education on Awareness About Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among King Saud University and Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a global issue facing the world. In a conservative community like Saudi Arabia, discussing such matters is considered taboo, and this might impact the awareness of STDs. Therefore, this study aims to determine if gender, level of education, and university affiliation influence the level of awareness of STDs.

Pharmacist-led vaccination services in the Middle East.

Successful Vaccine uptake relies heavily on the effectiveness of vaccination services. Expanding the scope of pharmacists' involvement in vaccination services can significantly improve vaccination coverage. The level of pharmacists' engagement in immunization services varies globally.

Radiolucent lesions that may resemble inflammatory periapical lesions: A review article.

Non-endodontic lesions (NEL) closely resemble lesions of endodontic origin. Its etiology can be odontogenic, non-odontogenic, neoplastic, or anatomic variations that can resemble inflammatory periapical lesions in the periapical area. Inflammatory periapical lesions are caused by pulpal pathoses and require endodontic treatment.

Structure-based virtual identification of natural inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 and its Delta and Omicron variant proteins.

Aim: Structure-based identification of natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron target proteins.

Materials & Methods: Several known antiviral natural compounds were subjected to molecular docking and MD simulation against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, Helicase and Spike, including Delta and Omicron Spikes.

Results: Of the docked ligands, 20 selected for each complex exhibited overall good binding affinities (-7.

Development and validation of an Arabic language eye-tracking paradigm for the early screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in Qatar.

Abnormal eye gaze is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary aim of the present research was to develop an Arabic version of an objective measure of ASD, the "autism index" (AI), based on eye gaze tracking to social and nonsocial stimuli validated initially in the United States. The initial phase of this study included the translation of English language eye-tracking stimuli into stimuli appropriate for an Arabic-speaking culture.

Inhibition of HEV Replication by FDA-Approved RdRp Inhibitors.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is primarily a hepatotropic virus that is responsible for acute hepatitis E in the general population and for chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised individuals. In the absence of a globally accessible vaccine, pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin are the only antiviral agents available for the treatment of chronic patients. As viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) are indispensable for RNA replication, they are considered potential drug targets.

identification of deep-sea fungal alkaloids as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron spikes.

Virtual screening of deep-sea fungal metabolites against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron spikes as potential antivirals. Deep-sea fungal alkaloids (n ≥ 150) were evaluated against SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron spikes, using various approaches, including Admet scores, physiochemical properties, molecular docking (MD) and MD simulation (150 ns). The test alkaloids complied with Admet scores and physiochemical properties within acceptable ranges, and followed Lipinski's rule of five.

Deep-sea fungal metabolites as potential inhibitors of glucose-regulatory enzymes: structure-activity analysis.

Chronic diabetes mellites related hyperglycemia is a major cause of mortality and morbidity due to further complications like retinopathy, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Though several synthetic anti-diabetes drugs specifically targeting glucose-metabolism enzymes are available, they have their own limitations, including adverse side-effects. Unlike other natural or marine-derived pharmacologically important molecules, deep-sea fungi metabolites still remain under-explored for their anti-diabetes potential.

Green extraction of oil for the development, and characterization of pectin crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose/guar gum herbal nano hydrogel.

oil and are rich sources of bioactive compounds and have been utilized to formulate various herbal formulations, however, due to certain environmental conditions, pure extract form is prone to degradation. Therefore, in this, study, a green hydrodistillation technology was used to extract and root for the further application in development of pectin crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose/guar-gum nano hydrogel. Both oil and extract revealed the presence of spirojatamol and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester.

Categorical versus dimensional structure of autism spectrum disorder: A multi-method investigation.

Background: A key question for any psychopathological diagnosis is whether the condition is continuous or discontinuous with typical variation. The primary objective of this study was to use a multi-method approach to examine the broad latent categorical versus dimensional structure of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Method: Data were aggregated across seven independent samples of participants with ASD, other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), and non-ASD/NDD controls (aggregate s = 512-16,755; ages 1.

Causes and Management of Halitosis: A Narrative Review.

Halitosis is defined as the presence of an unpleasant odor in exhaled air, regardless of its cause. In most patients with halitosis, the condition causes embarrassment and interferes with social interactions and daily life. Furthermore, bad breath can be a sign of an underlying disease.

Organosulfurs, S-allyl cysteine and N-acetyl cysteine sequester di-carbonyls and reduces carbonyl stress in HT22 cells.

Diabetes, characterized by high blood glucose level, is a progressive metabolic disease that leads to serious health complications. One of the major pathological consequences associated with diabetes is the accumulation of highly reactive carbonyl compounds called advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Most of the AGEs are dicarbonyls and have the potential to covalently modify proteins especially at the lysine residues in a non-enzymatic fashion (a process termed as glycation) resulting in the functional impairment and/or toxic gain in function.

Novel anti‑hepatitis B virus flavonoids sakuranetin and velutin from .

Drug‑resistance in hepatitis B virus (HBV), especially due to prolonged treatment with nucleoside analogs, such as lamivudine (LAM), remains a clinical challenge. Alternatively, several plant products and isolated phytochemicals have been used as promising anti‑HBV therapeutics with no sign of resistance. Among all known species, , and have been widely studied for their anti‑HBV efficacy, however, the effects of have not been previously investigated.

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus activities by ‑derived acacetin and acetyl‑β‑carboline.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic liver diseases, leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although direct-acting nucleoside analogs, such as lamivudine (LAM), adefovir and famciclovir, are available, emergence of drug-resistance due to mutations in HBV polymerase (POL) restricts their further use. Alternatively, numerous plant products and compounds isolated from plants have been reported to confer anti-HBV efficacies without any sign of resistance or .