Anti SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Zanzibar in 2021 before the Omicron wave.

Objectives: For Tanzania, including Zanzibar, the development of the COVID-19 pandemic has remained unclear since the reporting of cases was suspended during 2020/21. Our study was the first to analyze data on COVID-19 seroprevalence in the Zanzibari population before the Omicron variant wave began in late 2021.

Design: During August through October 2021, representative cross-sectional data were collected from randomly selected households in 120 wards of the two main islands, Unguja and Pemba.

Antifouling paint biocides (Irgarol 1051 and diuron) in the selected ports of Peninsular Malaysia: occurrence, seasonal variation, and ecological risk assessment.

Irgarol 1051 and diuron are photosystem II inhibitors in agricultural activities and antifouling paints in the shipping sector. This study focused on three major ports (western, southern, and eastern) surrounding Peninsular Malaysia to construct the distribution of both biocides on the basis of the seasonal and geographical changes. Surface seawater samples were collected from November 2011 to April 2012 and pretreated using the solid-phase extraction technique followed by quantification with GC-MS and LC-MS-MS for Irgarol 1051 and diuron, respectively.

The association between leptin and inflammatory markers with obesity indices in Zanzibari children, adolescents, and adults.

Background: Research from Western populations describes abdominal obesity as a low-grade inflammatory disease; less is known from tropical areas with high pathogen burden.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study investigated whether obesity contributes to low-grade inflammation in 587 individuals from randomly selected households in Zanzibar.

Materials And Methods: The Association between obesity indices (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], and percentage body fat [%BF]), leptin, and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor-necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) was investigated using multinomial logistic regression analysis, accounting for ordinal outcome variables with four categories; 1st-4th quartile.

Association between cardiometabolic risk factors and body mass index, waist circumferences and body fat in a Zanzibari cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of obesity indices (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat per cent (BF%)) and cardiometabolic risk factors. To investigate the association between obesity indices and cardiometabolic risk factors in a Zanzibari population.

Designs: Cross-sectional study.

Actinomycosis of the Middle Ear and Mastoid.

Introduction: Actinomycosis is a saprophytic infection caused by actinomycetes. Actinomycetes is a gram positive, anaerobic, non acid-fast, filamentous bacterium. Although actinomyce is considered as a part of the normal flora, it is rarely seen in middle ear and mastoid cavity.

Avalanche Statistics Identify Intrinsic Stellar Processes near Criticality in KIC 8462852.

The star KIC8462852 (Tabby's star) has shown anomalous drops in light flux. We perform a statistical analysis of the more numerous smaller dimming events by using methods found useful for avalanches in ferromagnetism and plastic flow. Scaling exponents for avalanche statistics and temporal profiles of the flux during the dimming events are close to mean field predictions.

Design, Response Rates, and Population Characteristics of a Cross-Sectional Study in Zanzibar, Tanzania.

Background: Data on nutritional status and correlates of noncommunicable diseases are scarce for resource-poor settings in sub-Saharan countries. With the scope of a project, "Access to Food and Nutrition Status of the Zanzibari Population," data for investigating public health questions were collected using proven measurement and laboratory standards.

Objective: The present study aims at providing a descriptive overview of recruitment approaches, standardization, quality control measures, and data collection, with special attention to the design, responses, and participant characteristics of the overall project.

Occurrence and distribution of antifouling biocide Irgarol-1051 in coral reef ecosystems, Zanzibar.

2-methythiol-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine (Irgarol-1051) has been widely used as effective alternative antifouling paint in marine structures including ships. However, it has been causing deleterious effects to marine organisms including reef building corals. The main objective of this study was to establish baseline levels of Irgarol-1051 around coral reefs and nearby ecosystems along coastline of Zanzibar Island.

Overview of maternal and perinatal mortality in Sudan.

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), agreed on by world leaders at a UN summit in 2000, set targets to achieve by 2015. MDGs 4 and 5 specifically focus on the health of women and children. Sudan is classified as having insufficient progress in achieving MDGs 4 and 5.

Contamination of diuron in coastal waters around Malaysian Peninsular.

The use of antifouling paints to the boats and ships is one among the threats facing coastal resources including coral reefs in recent decades. This study reports the current contamination status of diuron and its behaviour in the coastal waters of Malaysia. The maximum concentration of diuron was 285 ng/L detected at Johor port.

Occurrence and distribution of antifouling biocide Irgarol-1051 in coastal waters of Peninsular Malaysia.

Emerging booster biocides contamination raises particular attention in the marine ecosystem health. This study provides the baseline data on the occurrence of Irgarol-1051 (2-methylthio-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamiono-s-triazine) in the selected coastal water around Malaysia. The maximum detected concentration of Irgarol was 2021 ng/L at Klang West, commercial and cargo port.

Long-term renal function in kidneys from non-heart-beating donors: A single-center experience.

Background: Cadaveric kidneys from brain-stem-dead donors continue to be limited because the number of donors has reached a plateau. Wide recruitment of non-heart-beating donors (NHBD) could significantly increase the donor pool. NHBD renal transplants are underused because of the concern of poor quality graft function from such donors.