Elevated Levels of T-helper 17-associated Cytokines in Diabetes Type I Patients: Indicators for Following the Course of Disease.

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is thought to involve chronic inflammation, which is manifested by the activation and expression of different inflammatory mediators. Th1- and Th17-associated cytokines are factors that have been shown to exert profound pro-inflammatory activities and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of T1D in mice and humans.

Objectives: Therefore, the aim of this case control study was to determine the serum level of IL-17, IL-21, IL-27, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and IFN-γ and their reciprocal relationship in Iranian T1D patients.