GIS-based spatial modeling of snow avalanches using four novel ensemble models.

Snow avalanches can destroy lives and infrastructure and are very important phenomena in some regions of the world. This study maps snow avalanche susceptibility in Sirvan Watershed, Iran, using a new approach. Two statistical models - belief function (Bel) and probability density (PD) - are combined with two learning models - multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and logistic regression (LR) - to predict avalanche susceptibility using remote sensing data in a geographic information system (GIS).