rs1800890 Polymorphism of IL-10 and Susceptibility to Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune bleeding disorder that is reported in approximately 2 out of every 100,000 adults with a mean age of 50 years. Several factors such as various genetic backgrounds are associated with the pathogenesis of ITP. Interleukin (IL)-10 is a complicated cytokine that has a role in tumor progression, antitumor immunity, and immune system regulation.

Capparis spinosa improves non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through down-regulating SREBP-1c and a PPARα-independent pathway in high-fat diet-fed rats.

Objective: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become a global medical problem. Currently, there is no approved pharmacologic treatment for this condition. Previous studies have suggested that in the pathogenesis of this disease, regulatory pathways associated with de novo lipogenesis and β-oxidation pathways genes are misregulated.

Olive Leaf Extract Supplementation Combined with Calorie-Restricted Diet on Reducing Body Weight and Fat Mass in Obese Women: Result of a Randomized Control Trial.

Unlabelled: The present trial aims to evaluate a supplementation of the olive leaf extract (OLE) in adjunct with a weight loss diet on anthropometric indices, glycemic indices, lipid profile, as well as the level of adipokines, and free fatty acid in obese women. We carried out an 8-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, clinical trial. The participants were randomly stratified according to age and they were assigned to one of the two study groups: Standard weight loss diet (estimated daily energy requirements minus 500 kcal) + OLE supplementation (n = 35) in intervention group or Standard weight loss diet (estimated daily energy requirements minus 500 kcal) + placebo (n = 35) in placebo group.

Saroglitazar improved hepatic steatosis and fibrosis by modulating inflammatory cytokines and adiponectin in an animal model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have become significant global health concerns. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of saroglitazar, a dual PPARα/γ agonist, fenofibrate, a PPAR-α agonist, and pioglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist on an animal model of NASH.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat (HF) emulsion via gavage for 7 weeks to induce NASH.

Association between the rs615563 variant of PCSK9 gene and circulating lipids and Type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Many different genetic variants of proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) are related to the serum levels of cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). The rs615563 variant of PCSK9 (a gain-of-function mutation) is associated with increased triglycerides and cholesterol levels, but its association with the incidence of diabetes is not well defined. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the PCSK9 rs615563 variant with the incidence of type 2 diabetes.

Possible role of WNT10B in increased proliferation and tubule formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures treated with hypoxic conditioned medium from human adipocytes.

Regulation of angiogenesis plays an important role in adipose tissue expansion and function. The Wnt pathway and WNT10B, the main member of Wnt family, participate in angiogenesis in cancer tumors, but there is limited evidence to support the regulatory role of WNT10B in human adipose tissue angiogenesis. Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) of 80 participants including obese and non-obese subjects was obtained and the expression of and genes were evaluated using qPCR.

Capparis spinosa improves the high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats: the possible role of FGF21.

Objectives: This study focused on the beneficial effects of Capparis spinosa (CS) treatment on the steatohepatitis induced by the administration of a high-fat emulsion in rats. Changes of hepatic expression and secretion of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) were also evaluated as a probable mechanism of the CS effects on fatty liver. Male Wistar rats were allocated in different groups to receive a normal diet (NC group), a high-fat diet (HF group), or the high-fat emulsion plus CS extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg (HF+CS group).

Assessing agreement between the three common clinical measurement methods of HbA1c.

Reliable measurement of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has great importance in the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to compare the performance parameters of the three common methods of HbA1c assay, including the Roche, Sebia and TOSOH G8 systems. We studied 120 patients referred to a clinical laboratory for HbA1c assay.

Investigation of JAK2V617F Mutation Prevalence in Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major.

Background: Beta (β)-thalassemia major is a genetic disorder with anemia and an increased level of erythropoietin by Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. JAK plays an important role in cell signaling, and the common mutation in the JAK2 gene in myeloid disorders is called JAK2V617F.

Methods: A total of 75 patients with beta (β)-thalassemia major patients, including 34 males (45%) and 41 females (55%), were enrolled in this study.

A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, evaluating the sesamin supplement effects on proteolytic enzymes, inflammatory markers, and clinical indices in women with rheumatoid arthritis.

Inflammation is one of the main characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis. Based on the antiinflammatory properties of sesame, this study was conducted to evaluate the sesamin supplement effects on serum levels of some proteolytic enzymes, inflammatory biomarkers, and clinical indices in women with rheumatoid arthritis. In this randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 44 patients were randomly divided in intervention and control groups.

HLA-B5, 7, 8, 27, and 51 Antigens and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Is There an Association?

Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a bleeding disorder characterized by low platelet counts in peripheral blood, impairment of thrombopoiesis in bone marrow, and risk of mild to severe bleedings. ITP can be seen among both sexes in different ages. Although definitive pathogenesis of this disorder is still ambiguous, some of risk factors for ITP are recognized, including human leukocyte antigens (HLAs).

HLAs in Autoimmune Diseases: Dependable Diagnostic Biomarkers?

Background: The process of antigen presentation to immune cells is an undeniable contributor to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Different studies have indicated several factors that are related to autoimmunity. Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs) are among such factors, which have a key role in autoimmunity because of their involvement in antigen presentation process.

The Association Between Human Leukocyte Antigens and ITP, TTP, and HIT.

Background: Autoimmune thrombocytopenia in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is associated with immunologic degradation of platelets and reduced platelet counts in patients, leading to bleeding risk in patients. Considering the role of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in the development of immune response, in this review, we examine the relationship between HLA and pathogenesis of the above-mentioned diseases.

Methods: Relevant English-language literature was searched and retrieved from Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database (1979 to 2018).

Dark Chocolate Effect on Serum Adiponectin, Biochemical and Inflammatory Parameters in Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: An appropriate snack for patients with diabetes mellitus should be considered to help them in their treatment due to their hard administrative diet. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dark chocolate on inflammatory markers, serum adiponectin, and certain biochemical factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This study was a randomized parallel clinical trial.

Adipose tissue miRNA level variation through conjugated linoleic acid supplementation in diet-induced obese rats.

Background: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which is an octadecadienoic acid isomer, is believed to play different positive physiological roles, such as lowering body fat. Due to some reported side effects of CLA, like lipodystrophy and impaired glucose metabolism, it is important to establish its safety by understanding detailed molecular mechanisms. One of these mechanisms may be the role of this dietary agent in modifying the function and activity of microRNAs (miRNAs).

What Genetics Tells us about Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetic Patients?

Background: Long-term diabetes causes other disease development such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Objective: Genetics can help us to predict cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.

Method And Search Strategy: We searched PubMed and Google scholar for the terms: Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, Polymorphism, Genetics from 2000 to 2017, and then included the relevant studies in our study.

Energy restriction combined with green coffee bean extract affects serum adipocytokines and the body composition in obese women.

Background And Objectives: Obesity has become a public health problem and is a cause of some preventable illnesses. Among several methods for treating obesity, the use of food supplements is highly common. A commonly used food supplement is green coffee bean extract.

Investigating the effects of Capparis Spinosa on hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipid content in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of administration of Capparis spinosa (CS) fruit aqueous extract on liver metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract of CS was orally administered at a dose of 20mg/kg for 28 consecutive days and then its effects on blood glucose, lipid and insulin levels in normal and STZ diabetic rats were comparatively investigated. Furthermore, the effects of CS on the activity and expression of the key enzymes of gluconeogenesis and hepatic lipid content were investigated.

Role of antioxidant property of carvedilol in mild to moderate hypertensive patients: A prospective open-label study.

Objective: Carvedilol is a nonselective third generation β-blocker that does not display the negative effects of traditional β-blockers. Regarding the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and distinct metabolic properties of carvedilol which are similar to that of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1), the present study intends to investigate the effects of carvedilol treatment on malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble lectin-like ox-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (sLOX-1) as markers of oxidative stress in association to lipid profiles, apolipoproteins (apo), and PON1 activity in hypertensive patients.

Patients And Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on forty patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Comparison of Serum Levels of Vitamin D and Inflammatory Markers Between Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Pregnant Control.

Objective: Vitamin D appears to be involved in regulation of glycemic and inflammatory responses in gestational diabetes. The purpose of this study was to compare the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), inflammatory biomarkers and glycemic profile between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) pregnant women.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, fasting serum levels of 25(OH)D, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP and TNF-α were measured in 45 GDM and 45 NGT women at week 20-30 gestation whom referred to Reference Medical Laboratory of Ahvaz, Iran in 1394.

The effect of pomegranate juice on clinical signs, matrix metalloproteinases and antioxidant status in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the commonest forms of musculoskeletal disorders that leads to joint degeneration and has a major impact on patients' quality of life. Experimental and in vitro studies have suggested the protective roles of pomegranate juice (PJ) as a rich antioxidant source for mitigating cartilage inflammation. In this interventional study, 38 patients with knee OA were randomly divided into two groups: PJ or control for 6 weeks to evaluate the effect of this intervention on clinical signs, inflammation and antioxidant status.

Influence of L-carnitine on the Expression Level of Adipose Tissue miRNAs Related to Weight Changes in Obese Rats.

Background And Objective: Molecular mechanisms of most anti-obesity drugs are remained to be clear. MicroRNAs that are noncoding RNA molecules supposed to regulate biological processes concomitant to obesity and have attracted a lot of attention to themselves. The miR-27a and miR-143 expression levels in obese and non-obese rats during weight changes and L-carnitine (LC) effects on them was investigated in this study.

Phylloquinone supplementation improves glycemic status independent of the effects of adiponectin levels in premonopause women with prediabetes: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Vitamin K, as a cofactor in the gamma carboxylation of certain glutamic acid (Gla) residues, has been related to glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Osteocalcin, also known as bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid, increases β-cell proliferation as well as insulin and adiponectin secretion, which improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine the possible role of adiponectin as a mediator of glucose homeostasis following phylloquinone supplementation in premonopause women with prediabetes.

Flavonoid-rich beverage effects on lipid profile and blood pressure in diabetic patients.

Aim: To compare freeze-dried strawberry (FDS) beverage and strawberry-flavored drink effects on lipid profile and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 36 subjects with T2D (23 females; mean ± SE age: 51.57 ± 10 years) were randomly divided into two groups.

The effect of magnesium supplementation and weight loss on liver enzymes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: There have been few studies to examine the effect of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on liver enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mg supplementation and weight loss on liver enzymes, lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Materials And Methods: This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.