Hybrid electrospun polyhydroxybutyrate/gelatin/laminin/polyaniline scaffold for nerve tissue engineering application: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro assay.

Despite the widespread central nervous system injuries, treatment of these disorders is still an issue of concern due to the complexities. Natural recovery in these patients is rarely observed, which calls for developing new methods that address these problems. In this study, natural polymers of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and gelatin were electrospun into scaffolds and cross-linked.

Fabrication of electrospun nanofibrous thermoresponsive semi-interpenetrating poly(-isopropylacrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol networks containing ZnO nanoparticle mats: characterization and antibacterial and cytocompatibility evaluation.

Thermoresponsive nanofiber composites comprising biopolymers and ZnO nanoparticles with controlled release and antibacterial activity are fascinating scientific research areas. Herein, poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) was prepared and mixed with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in 75/25 and 50/50 weight ratios together with ZnO (0, 1, and 2 phr) to construct nanofiber composites. The morphology of the crosslinked nanofiber composites, ZnO content, and their mechanical behavior were assessed by SEM, EDX, and tensile analyses.

Highly porous bio-glass scaffolds fabricated by polyurethane template method with hydrothermal treatment for tissue engineering uses.

Objectives: Bioglass scaffolds, which contain a significant percentage of porosity for tissue engineering purposes, have low strength. For increasing the strength and efficiency of such structures for use in tissue engineering, fabrication of hierarchical meso/macro-porous bioglass scaffolds, developing their mechanical strength by hydrothermal treatment and adjusting pH method, and achieving the appropriate mesopore size for loading large biomolecules, were considered in this study.

Materials And Methods: Mesoporous bioglass (MBG) powders were synthesized using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a surfactant, with different amounts of calcium sources to obtain the appropriate size of the mesoporous scaffolds.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of nanofibre mats containing extract as a wound dressing.

Objective: The present study aims to create -loaded nanofibre-based wound dressing materials to enhance the wound healing process. is an annual herb native to the Mediterranean region. It is antipyretic, antifungal, antioedema, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory (wound, oral and pharyngeal mucosa), antispasmodic, treats chronic ocular surface diseases, acts as a stimulant and a diaphoretic.

Platelet-rich plasma-hyaluronic acid/chondrotin sulfate/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.

In this study, the chondrogenic potential of hyaluronic acid/chondrotin sulfate/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) was evaluated. Here, hyaluronic acid, chondrotin sulfate, and carboxymethyl chitosan were used as the substrate for cartilage tissue engineering in which the hydrogel is formed due to electrostatic and hydrogen bonds through mixing the polymers. Because of the instability of this hydrogel in the biological environment, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxy-succinimide was used as a crosslinker to increase the hydrogel stability.

Fabrication of carboxymethyl chitosan/poly(ε-caprolactone)/doxorubicin/nickel ferrite core-shell fibers for controlled release of doxorubicin against breast cancer.

The coaxial electrospinning for producing core-shell nanofibers due to control the release profile of drug by the shell layer has been developed. N-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)-polyvinyl alcohol (core)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) (shell) nanofibers were produced via coaxial electrospinning. Doxorubicin (DOX) and nickel ferrite nanoparticles were incorporated into the nanofibers for controlled release of DOX against MCF-7 breast cancer.

Poly(hydroxybutyrate--hydroxyvalerate) Porous Matrices from Thermally Induced Phase Separation.

Thermally induced phase separation followed by freeze drying has been used to prepare biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds with interconnected 3D microporous structures from poly(hydroxybutyrate--hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) copolymers containing 5 and 12 wt % of 3-hydroxyvalerate (HV). Solutions of PHBV in 1,4-dioxane, underwent phase separation by cooling under two different thermal gradients (at -25 °C and -5 °C). The cloud point and crystallization temperature of the polymer solutions were determined by turbidimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively.

Enhanced antimicrobial and full-thickness wound healing efficiency of hydrogels loaded with heparinized ZnO nanoparticles: In vitro and in vivo evaluation.

Nanotechnology-based fabricated wound dressings are known as appropriate substrates to enhance healing in both acute and chronic wounds. These types of materials have the ability to deliver therapeutic agents. In this study, a wound dressing including heparinized zinc oxide nanoparticles in combination with chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) was developed to investigate its antibacterial and regenerative properties in a rat model of full thickness skin wounds.

Preparation and modeling of electrospun polyhydroxybutyrate/polyaniline composite scaffold modified by plasma and printed by an inkjet method and its cellular study.

The reconstruction of the nerve tissue engineering scaffold is always of particular interest due to the inability to recover and repair neural tissues after being damaged by diseases or physical injuries. The primary purpose of this study was obtaining a model used to predict the diameter of the fibers of electrospun polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) scaffolds. Accordingly, the range of operating parameters, namely the applied voltage, the distance between the nozzle to the collector, and solution concentration, was designed for the electrospinning process at three different levels, giving seventeen experiments.

Effects of different quantities of antibody conjugated with magnetic nanoparticles on cell separation efficiency.

Antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (Ab-MNPs) have received considerable attention in bioseparation and clinical diagnostics assays due to their unique ability to detect and isolate a variety of biomolecules and cells. Because antibodies can be expensive, a key challenge for bioconjugation is to determine the optimal amount of antibodies with reasonable antigen-capturing activity. We designed an approach to determine the minimum amounts of antibodies for efficient coating.

Potential of novel electrospun core-shell structured polyurethane/starch (hyaluronic acid) nanofibers for skin tissue engineering: In vitro and in vivo evaluation.

The biomaterials with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability ¬can lead to satisfactory wound healing. In this study, core-shell structured PU (polyurethane)/St (Starch) and PU/St (Hyaluronic Acid (HA)) nanofibers were fabricated with coaxial electrospinning technique. The morphology characterization of the core-shell structure of nanofibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images.

Design and optimization of process parameters of polyvinyl (alcohol)/chitosan/nano zinc oxide hydrogels as wound healing materials.

Composite hydrogels as wound dressings feature healing properties in treating wounds. In this study, polyvinyl (alcohol)/chitosan/nano zinc oxide nanocomposite hydrogels were formed using the freeze-thaw method and essential process parameters including thawing time, thawing temperature, and the number of freeze-thaw cycles was investigated to model nanocomposites employing response surface methodology. Critical properties including water vapor transmission rate, porosity, wound fluid absorption, and gel content were modeled using process parameters.

Wound dressing based on electrospun PVA/chitosan/starch nanofibrous mats: Fabrication, antibacterial and cytocompatibility evaluation and in vitro healing assay.

Electrospun nanofibrous mats based on biopolymers have been widely investigated for tissue engineering in recent years, primarily due to remarkable morphological similarity to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). In this research, electrospun PVA/Chitosan/Starch nanofibrous mats were fabricated using electrospinning method for wound dressing application. The prepared nanofibrous mats were then cross-linked to enhanced the water resistance and also optimize the biodegradation rate followed by characterization and evaluation of their properties as wound dressings.

The effect of collector type on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of polycaprolactone/gelatin/nano-hydroxyapatite electrospun scaffold.

Electrospinning is considered a powerful method for the production of fibers in the nanoscale size. Small pore size results in poor cell infiltration, cell migration inhibition into scaffold pores and low oxygen diffusion. Electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatin/nano-hydroxyapatite (PCL/Gel/nHA) scaffolds were deposited into two types of fiber collectors (novel rotating disc and plate) to study fiber morphology, chemical, mechanical, hydrophilic, and biodegradation properties between each other.

Incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles into heparinised polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan hydrogels for wound dressing application.

Available wound dressings have some major deficiencies including low water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), low absorption of wound fluids, and not providing a suitable and moist environment for wound healing. The main advantage of hydrogels is giving aid to the creation of a moist and cool environment for wound healing and providing high water vapor permeability along with preventing penetration of microbes into the wound surface. Therefore, hydrogels of heparinized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan (CS)/nano zinc oxide (nZnO) were prepared to be used as wound dressing.

Fabrication of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)/γ-Fe2O3 nanocomposite film and its properties study.

Magnetic separation has numerous advantages in isolating cancerous and normal cells used in the diagnosis and treatment sectors. Here, we produced magnetic nanocomposite films made of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)/magnetite nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3), and the properties of the films by SEM, TEM, FTIR, DMTA, contact angle, and cellular analyses were investigated. The microscopic images showed uniform distribution of γ-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles in polymeric matrix.

3-Dimensional cell-laden nano-hydroxyapatite/protein hydrogels for bone regeneration applications.

The ability to encapsulate cells in three-dimensional (3D) protein-based hydrogels is potentially of benefit for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, as a result of their poor mechanical strength, protein-based hydrogels have traditionally been considered for soft tissue engineering only. Hence, in this study we tried to render these hydrogels suitable for hard tissue regeneration, simply by incorporation of bioactive nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp) into a photocrosslinkable gelatin hydrogel.

Nano-hydroxyapatite reinforced polyhydroxybutyrate composites: a comprehensive study on the structural and in vitro biological properties.

Nanocomposites based on polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) have recently been proposed for application in bone repair and regeneration, but very limited studies have investigated the effect of HAp on the rheological and thermal behavior of PHB. More important, the efficiency of a biomaterial depends greatly on its ability to interact with cells, but little is known about this interaction for this kind of nanocomposite. Hence, this paper dealt with some of the characteristics of solution-casted PHB/HAp nanocomposite films, and tried to explore the effect of HAp nanoparticles on cellular responses.

Synthesis methods for nanosized hydroxyapatite with diverse structures.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the major mineral constituent of vertebrate bones and teeth. It has been well documented that HAp nanoparticles can significantly increase the biocompatibility and bioactivity of man-made biomaterials. Over the past decade, HAp nanoparticles have therefore increasingly been in demand, and extensive efforts have been devoted to develop many synthetic routes, involving both scientifically and economically new features.

Differentiation of embryonic stem cells into neural cells on 3D poly (D, L-lactic acid) scaffolds versus 2D cultures.

In this study, a highly porous poly (D, L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) scaffold was designed and fabricated using dioxane and thermal-induced phase separation (TIPS) methods (liquid-liquid and solid-liquid). Additionally, we characterized the ability of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to differentiate into neural cells in PDLLA scaffold with uniform porosity, interconnectivity, and high porosity, and then compared them with cells seeded under conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture conditions. Histochemistry staining showed the migration of differentiated cells through the scaffold.

Manufacturing of biodegradable polyurethane scaffolds based on polycaprolactone using a phase separation method: physical properties and in vitro assay.

Background: Biodegradable polyurethanes have found widespread use in soft tissue engineering due to their suitable mechanical properties and biocompatibility.

Methods: In this study, polyurethane samples were synthesized from polycaprolactone, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and a copolymer of 1,4-butanediol as a chain extender. Polyurethane scaffolds were fabricated by a combination of liquid-liquid phase separation and salt leaching techniques.

Polyurethane/fluor-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Part I: morphological, physical, and mechanical characterization.

In this study, new nano-fluor-hydroxyapatite (nFHA)/polyurethane composite scaffolds were fabricated for potential use in bone tissue engineering. Polyester urethane samples were synthesized from polycaprolactone, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and 1,4-butanediol as chain extender. Nano fluor-hydroxyapatite (nFHA) was successfully synthesized by sol-gel method.

Topological remodeling of cultured endothelial cells by characterized cyclic strains.

Evaluation of mechanical environment on cellular function is a major field of study in cellular engineering. Endothelial cells lining the entire vascular lumen are subjected to pulsatile blood pressure and flow. Mechanical stresses caused by such forces determine function of arteries and their remodeling.