Comparing Pregabalin and Sodium Valproate in Pediatric Migraine Prophylaxis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: Migraine is a common disorder in children, and its prophylaxis with minimal side effects is momentous. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Pregabalin and Sodium Valproate in preventing migraine attacks.

Material & Methods: Sixty-four children (aged 6-18) with migraines were recruited, as defined by Internation Headache Criteria (ICHD-III).

Epidemiology of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Iranian Children Aged 0-15 Years (2008-2013).

Objective: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy characterized by a rapid progressive symmetric weakness. The GBS is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in most parts of the world. This study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological features of GBS in Iranian children.

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Characteristics of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Children: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: We aimed to study the precipitating factors, demographic data, clinical and radiological manifestations, electroencephalography and laboratory findings, as well as association with infections, immunization and incidence of relapse of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in children admitted to Mofid Children Hospital, Tehran, Iran from Mar 2013 to Mar 2016.

Materials & Methods: A 3-yr retrospective review of 29 children with definite final diagnosis of ADEM in Mofid Hospital in Tehran, Iran was performed. The diagnosis was based on specified criteria, including a presumed acute demyelinating process with no history of unexplained neurological symptoms and at least one demyelinating lesion shown on magnetic resonance imaging without evidence of previous destructive white matter lesions.

Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders in Children: A Brief Review.

Movement disorders are common neurologic disturbances in childhood. There are two major types of movement disorders. Hypokinetic disorders are with paucity of voluntary movements and are very uncommon in pediatric age group.

Prediction of Response to Treatment in Children with Epilepsy.

Objective: This study was conducted to predict the response to treatment in patients treated with anti-epilepsy drugs.

Material And Methods: This analytical questionnaire-based study was conducted in 2014 among 128 patients with epilepsy admitted to Mofid Children's Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The inclusion criteria were children 2 months to 12 yr of age with epilepsy and patients who experienced fever and seizure attacks at least once were excluded from the study.

Metabolic Screening in Children with Neurodevelopmental Delay, Seizure and/or Regression.

Objective: Neurometabolic disorder is one of the important groups of diseases that prominently has presentation early infantile period. In this study, we evaluated the result of metabolic screening of the patient with seizure, developmental delay and/or regression in development, demographic disease clinical and radiological findings on admitted and outpatient visited children.

Materials & Methods: Two-year retrospective review of 187 children with seizure, developmental delay and/or regression in the Mofid Children Hospital, Tehran, Iran was performed.

Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of Multiple Sclerosis in Children.

Objective: Overall, 2%-5% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experienced the first episode of disease before the age 18 years old. Since the age of onset among children is not similar to that in general population, clinicians often fail to early diagnose the disease. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological and clinical patterns of MS among Iranian children.

Comparative efficacy of zonisamide and pregabalin as an adjunctive therapy in children with refractory epilepsy.

Objective: Approximately one third of epileptic children are resistant to anticonvulsant drugs. This study evaluates the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of pregabalin as adjunctive therapy in epileptic children relative to Zonisamide.

Materials & Methods: From April 2012 to November 2012,121 children were referred to Mofid Children's Hospital with intractable epilepsy and enrolled in the study.

GM2-Gangliosidosis (Sandhoff and Tay Sachs disease): Diagnosis and Neuroimaging Findings (An Iranian Pediatric Case Series).

Objective: GM2-Gangliosidosis disease is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that includes two disorders (Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease).These disorders cause a progressive deterioration of nerve cells and inherited deficiency in creating hexosaminidases A, B, and AB.

Materials & Methods: Patients who were diagnosed withGM2-Gangliosidosis in the Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran from October 2009 to February 2014were included in our study.

Infantile spasm: a review article.

Infantile spasm (IS) is a convulsive disease characterized by brief, symmetric axial muscle contraction (neck, trunk, and/or extremities). IS is a type of seizure that was first described by West in 1841, who witnessed the seizure in his own son. West's syndrome refers to the classic triad of spasms, characteristic EEG, and neurodevelopmental regression.

Clinical trial of vigabatrin as adjunctive therapy in children with refractory epilepsy.

Objective: Approximately one-third of all children with epilepsy do not achieve complete seizure improvement. This study evaluated the efficacy of Vigabatrin in children with intractable epilepsy.

Methods: From November 2011 to October 2012, 73 children with refractory epilepsy (failure of seizure control with the use of two or more anticonvulsant drugs) who were referred to the Children's Medical Center and Mofid Children's Hospital were included in the study.

Propionic acidemia: diagnosis and neuroimaging findings of this neurometabolic disorder.

Objective: Propionic acidemia is one of the rare congenital neurometabolic disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance. This disorder is caused by a defect in the propionyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme and can be presented with life-threatening ketoacidosis, lethargy, failure to thrive, and developmental delay.

Materials & Methods: The patients diagnosed as having propionic acidemia in Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2002 and 2012 were include in our study.

Biotinidase deficiency: a reversible neurometabolic disorder (an Iranian pediatric case series).

Objective: Biotinidase deficiency is one of the rare congenital metabolic disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance. If this disorder is diagnosed in newborn period, could be prevented well from mental and physical developmental delay and most of clinical manifestations.

Materials & Methods: The patients were diagnosed as biotinidase deficiency in Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2009 and 2012 were included in this study.

Methylmalonic acidemia: diagnosis and neuroimaging findings of this neurometabolic disorder (an Iranian pediatric case series).

Objective: Methylmalonic acidemia is one of the inborn errors of metabolism resulting in the accumulation of acylcarnitine in blood and increased urinary methylmalonic acid excretion. This disorder can have symptoms, such as neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations, lethargy, and anorexia.

Materials & Methods: The patients who were diagnosed as methylmalonic acidemia in the Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2002 and 2012 were included in our study.

Zonisamide efficacy as adjunctive therapy in children with refractory epilepsy.

Objective: Approximately one third of epileptic children do not achieve complete seizure improvement. Zonisamide is a new antiepileptic drug which is effective as adjunctive therapy in treatment of intractable partial seizures. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of Zonisamide in epileptic children.

Electroretinographic responses in epileptic children treated with vigabatrin.

Vigabatrin is an antiepileptic drug that results in higher gamma-aminobutyrate levels in the brain and retina. Vigabatrin-induced visual field defects are usually asymptomatic and only detectable by perimetry. Further, perimetry requires good cooperation, and children aged under 10 years cannot do it.

Prophylaxis of childhood migraine: topiramate versus propranolol.

Objective: Headache is a common disabling neurological disorder and migraine comprises more than half the causes of recurrent headaches in children. Despite extended prevalence of this type of headache there is lack of evidence about best drug treatment for migraine. So we aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of these drugs on childhood migraine.