The role of probiotics on microvascular complications of type-2 diabetes: Nephropathy and retinopathy.

Diabetes is a multifactorial disorder that involves several molecular mechanisms and is still one of the key global health challenges with increasing prevalence and incidence. Gut microbiome dysbiosis could activate and recognize receptors that trigger the inflammation response and modulation of insulin sensitivity. In addition, the intricate role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the onset and development of T2D (Type 2 diabetes mellitus) and associated microvascular complications was identified.

Metabolite profiling of different Iranian traditional yogurts using an untargeted metabolomics approach.

We used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with an untargeted metabolomics approach to look at the metabolite profiles of traditional Iranian yogurts made from cow, goat, buffalo, and sheep milk. Results showed that different animal milks significantly influenced physicochemical properties and fatty acid (FA) composition, resulting in diverse metabolites. Over 80 % of all the fatty acids in the yogurt samples were saturated.

Harnessing systems biology approach for characterization of carotenoid biosynthesis pathways in microalgae.

Systems biology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to understand complex biological processes at the system level. The data, driven by high-throughput omics technologies, can be used to study the underpinning mechanisms of metabolite production under different conditions to harness this knowledge for the construction of regulatory networks, protein networks, metabolic models, and engineering of strains with enhanced target metabolite production in microalgae. In the current study, we comprehensively reviewed the recent progress in the application of these technologies for the characterization of carotenoid biosynthesis pathways in microalgae.

Probiotic Characterization of LAB isolated from Sourdough and Different Traditional Dairy Products Using Biochemical, Molecular and Computational Approaches.

The aim of this study was to identify and isolate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from indigenous sourdough and dairy samples in Iran, and to assess their probiotic properties in vitro. A total of 560 potential LAB isolates were examined, and 87 demonstrated high survival rates in artificial gastrointestinal fluids without hemolytic activity. The selected isolates exhibited significant auto-aggregation (18.

Antifungal activity of potential probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains and their role against toxigenic aflatoxin-producing aspergilli.

Two major aflatoxin-producing strains are Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Probiotic bacteria have been identified as a potential means to fight aspergilli and reduce the availability of aflatoxin (AFs) as well as other food contaminants. In this study, the potential of ABRIIFBI-6 and ABRIIFBI-7 strains to inhibit the growth of aspergilli was investigated.

Shewanella azerbaijanica sp. nov. a novel aquatic species with high bioremediation abilities.

A novel Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, and non-motile bacterium with bio-degradation potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and uranium bio-reduction, designated as RCRI7, was isolated from Qurugöl Lake water near Tabriz city. Strain RCRI7 can grow in the absence of NaCl and tolerates up to 3% NaCl (optimum, 0-0.5%), at the temperature range of 4-45 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and a pH range of 6-9 (optimum, pH 7 ± 0.

Probiotic potential characterization and clustering using unsupervised algorithms of lactic acid bacteria from saltwater fish samples.

This research aimed to isolate lactic acid bacteria from the bowel of saltwater fish to assess their potential probiotic properties. Nineteen isolates of LAB including Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Levilactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Pediococcus acidilactici were recognized using molecular tools. All the isolates survived in the simulated conditions of the GI tract.

Genome Mining Approach Reveals the Occurrence and Diversity Pattern of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-Associated Systems in Strains.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) together with their CRISPR-associated (Cas) genes are widely distributed in prokaryotes that provide an adaptive defense mechanism against foreign invasive DNA. There is relatively little knowledge about the CRISPR-Cas diversity and evolution in strains. Therefore, in this study, a genome-mining approach was employed to investigate the diversity and occurrence of the CRISPR-Cas system in 83 strains.

Sourdoughs fermented by autochthonous strains improve the quality of gluten-free bread.

Sourdoughs based on fermentation by lactobacilli have the potential to produce gluten-free maize-based bread with acceptable technological and rheological characteristics, nutritional quality, and more prolonged shelf life. Of the 17 treatments compared (with or without sourdough, and involving single and multiple LAB species), treatments 12C (,  + L. ), and 8C ( + L.

Halomonas azerica sp. nov., Isolated from Urmia Lake in Iran.

A novel moderately halophilic, Gram-staining negative and facultative aerobic bacterium, designated as TBZ9, was isolated from water of Urmia Lake in Azerbaijan region of Iran. The cells were found to be rod-shaped and motile, growing in the form of creamy, convex and shiny colonies. The strain could grow in the presence of NaCl at concentrations 1-17% (w/v) (optimum, 3%), temperatures 10-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 6.

Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of the salt-responsive transcriptomes reveals novel hub genes in green halophytic microalgae Dunaliella salina.

Despite responses to salinity stress in Dunaliella salina, a unicellular halotolerant green alga, being subject to extensive study, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, Empirical Bayes method was applied to identify the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between hypersaline and normal conditions. Then, using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), which takes advantage of a graph theoretical approach, highly correlated genes were clustered as a module.

Optimization of the Four Most Effective Factors on β-Carotene Production by Using Response Surface Methodology.

During recent years, there was growing demand in using microalga valuable products such as β-carotene in health care. β-Carotene has anti-cancer and anti-aging properties for human. In cells, β-carotene has a major protecting role for biomolecules, when the production of reactive oxygen species is elevated.

Integrative analysis of gene expression and alternative splicing in microalgae grown under heterotrophic condition.

Heterotrophic cultures are the most effective approach to overcome low growth rate challenge in the most commercial microalgae. However, the mechanism through which heterotrophic condition regulates algae metabolism are not completely clear. Alternative Splicing (AS) is a common posttranscriptional process by which transcriptome and proteome plasticity increases at different environmental conditions.

Biochemical profiling of three indigenous isolates with main focus on fatty acid composition towards potential biotechnological application.

This study describes the biochemical composition of three isolates, sp. ABRIINW-B1, -G2/1 and -I1 towards the biotechnological potential. sp.

CO biofixation and fatty acid composition of two indigenous Dunaliella sp. isolates (ABRIINW-CH2 and ABRIINW-SH33) in response to extremely high CO levels.

Global warming, as a result of atmospheric CO increase, is regarded as an important universal concern. Microalgae are considered as appropriate microorganisms for CO assimilation. Here we aimed to investigate carbon biofixation ability of two indigenous isolates of Dunaliella spp.

Systems biology approach identifies functional modules and regulatory hubs related to secondary metabolites accumulation after transition from autotrophic to heterotrophic growth condition in microalgae.

Heterotrophic growth mode is among the most promising strategies put forth to overcome the low biomass and secondary metabolites productivity challenge. To shedding light on the underlying molecular mechanisms, transcriptome meta-analysis was integrated with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), connectivity analysis, functional enrichment, and hubs identification. Meta-analysis and Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that most of the biological processes are up-regulated at heterotrophic growth condition, which leads to change of genetic architectures and phenotypic outcomes.

sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Urmia Lake in Iran.

In the course of screening halophilic bacteria in Urmia Lake in Iran, which is being threatened by dryness, a novel Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, heterotrophic and short rod-shaped bacteria was isolated and characterized. The bacterium was isolated from a water specimen and designated as TBZ3. Colonies were found to be creamy yellow, with catalase- and oxidase-positive activities.

Pseudomonas khazarica sp. nov., a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from Khazar Sea sediments.

A novel Gram-negative, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped bacterium with the potential to biodegrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, was isolated from Khazar (Caspian) Sea. Strain TBZ2 grows in the absence of NaCl and tolerates up to 8.5% NaCl.

Integration of Cross Species RNA-seq Meta-Analysis and Machine-Learning Models Identifies the Most Important Salt Stress-Responsive Pathways in Microalga .

Photosynthetic microalgae are potentially yielding sources of different high-value secondary metabolites. Salinity is a complex stress that influences various metabolite-related pathways in microalgae. To obtain a clear view of the underlying metabolic pathways and resolve contradictory information concerning the transcriptional regulation of species in salt stress conditions, RNA-seq meta-analysis along with systems levels analysis was conducted.

-fermented sourdoughs improve the quality of gluten-free bread made from pearl millet flour.

The study investigated the effect of sourdough made from combinations of four spp. on the physicochemical properties, consumer acceptability, and shelf life of bread made from pearl millet flour. Fermentation based on both single and multiple species reduced the pH of the dough and increased its titratable acidity and HO content.

Emended description of the genus Tabrizicola and the species Tabrizicola aquatica as aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria.

The genus Tabrizicola with its type species and strain Tabrizicola aquatica RCRI19 was previously described as a purely chemotrophic genus of Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacteria. With the present study, we expand the description of the metabolic capabilities of this genus and the T. aquatica type strain to include chlorophyll-dependent phototrophy.

Probiotic Properties of Isolated From Artisanal Dairy Products.

The present study focused on probiotic characterization and safety evaluation of isolates from different artisanal dairy products. All the isolates exhibited inhibitory activity against several food spoilage bacteria and food-borne pathogens, including , and . The PCR results indicated the presence of at least one enterocin structural gene in all the tested strains.

Halomonas tabrizica sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Urmia Lake in Iran.

A novel moderately halophilic, Gram-stain negative and aerobic bacterium, designated strain TBZ21, was isolated from a water sample of Urmia Lake, Iran. Cells were observed to be non-motile rods with no flagellum, showing positive catalase and oxidase reactions. Strain TBZ21 was found to grow at 10-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 7-10 (optimum, pH 8) and in the presence of 1-22% (optimum, 10%).

Biodegradation of Para Amino Acetanilide by Halomonas sp. TBZ3.

Background: Aromatic compounds are known as a group of highly persistent environmental pollutants. Halomonas sp. TBZ3 was isolated from the highly salty Urmia Lake of Iran.