Medical Overuse in the Iranian Healthcare System: A Systematic Scoping Review and Practical Recommendations for Decreasing Medical Overuse During Unexpected COVID-19 Pandemic Opportunity.

Purpose: To perform an inclusive search for original studies that report medical overuse in the Iranian healthcare system and discovering the area of overuse.

Patients And Methods: A systematic search of the literature is conducted in bibliographic databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Cochrane and Scientific Information Database using a comprehensive search strategy without time limit until the end of 2018, updated by 1 July 2020, accomplished by reference tracking, author contacting and expert consultation to identify studies on the overuse of medical care.

Results: We reviewed 4124 published articles based on predetermined inclusion criteria.

Country-level interventions for the prevention and management of hypertension through the modification of social determinants of health: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Hypertension is one of the public health challenges. Various risk factors are associated with hypertension, including social demographics, geographical location, health behaviours, and social stress. Interventions in the social determinants of health can improve hypertension and health promotion.

Iranian Study on Social Determinants of Self-management in Patients with Hypertension Referring to Tabriz Health Care Centers in 2017-2018.

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate self-management status in Iranian patients with hypertension and its relationship with social determinants.

Setting And Design: This study was carried out in 2017-2018 in health care centers affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Iran.

Methods: A total of 240 patients with hypertension, who referred to health care centers of Tabriz, were invited to fill out the self-management (researcher made) and social determinants of health questionnaires.

Evaluation of the health promotion standards in governmental and non-governmental hospitals in East-Azerbaijan.

Considering the importance of assessing the program of health promotion hospitals (HPH) for elucidating the compliance with the standards, the present study aimed to evaluate the health promotion standards in governmental and nongovernmental hospitals of East-Azerbaijan. In the present cross-sectional study, all hospitals in East-Azerbaijan province in 2018 were recruited. The Persian validated World Health Organization (WHO) a self-assessment questionnaire was sent to the director of each hospital and invited to corporate with the study.

Inappropriate Rate of Admission and Hospitalization in the Iranian Hospitals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Inappropriate admission and hospitalization are types of overuse that impose a financial burden on all health systems, especially in hospitals.

Objective: To analyze the evidence on the inappropriateness of admission and hospitalization in Iranian hospitals.

Methods: This study was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as Persian databases, including Magiran and Scientific Information Database up to May 2018.

Readiness for diet change and its association with diet knowledge and skills, diet decision making and diet barriers in type 2 diabetic patients.

Aims: to investigate stages of change for dietary in type 2 diabetics and its associations with diet knowledge and skills, diet decision making and diet barriers.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted on 1139 diabetics aged>18 years in East Azerbaijan, Iran. Data were collected through a Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ) and analyzed through SPSS version 22 software using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and one-way ANOVA tests.

Readiness for weight change and its association with diet knowledge and skills, diet decision making and diet and exercise barriers in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: this study aimed to investigate stages of weight change in type 2 diabetics and its associations with diet knowledge and skills, diet decision making, diet and exercise barriers.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1139 patients with type 2 diabetes aged>18 years in East Azerbaijan, Iran. Data were collected using the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ) and were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22) and descriptive statistics, Chi-square and one-way ANOVA tests.

Factors related to the non-adherence of medication and nonpharmacological recommendations in high blood pressure patients.

Many studies have been conducted on non-adherence with the antihypertensive treatment regime in various countries, considering the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on the public health system, it is essential to carry out studies in this regard. Patients with hypertension evaluated at the family medicine clinic of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were enrolled using simple sampling. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire consisting of three sections including the Hill-Bone compliance questionnaire, the disease characteristics, and patients' socioeconomic.

Balancing Overuse and Underuse in the Iranian Healthcare System: A Force Field Theory Analysis.

Background: Overuse and underuse of healthcare services occure within population, organizations and even patients around the world. Producing a balance between these two can increase efficiency, service quality and patient satisfaction. It also decrease extra costs.

Medical overuse in the Iranian healthcare system: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Lack of resources is one of the main problems of all healthcare systems. Recent studies have shown that reducing the overuse of medical services plays an important role in reducing healthcare system costs. Overuse of medical services is a major problem in the healthcare system, and it threatens the quality of the services, can harm patients and create excess costs for patients.

Validity and Reliability of the Questionnaire for Assessing Women's Reproductive History in Azar Cohort Study.

This study was done to evaluate the validity and reliability of women's reproductive history questionnaire which will be used in Azar Cohort study; a cohort that is conducted by Tabriz University of Medical Science in Shabestar county for identifying risk factors of no communicable diseases. Content and face validity were evaluated by ten experts in the field and quantified as content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). To assess the reliability, using test-retest approach, kappa statistic was calculated for categorical variables and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for the quantitative items.

Association of the type of trauma, occurrence of bone bruise, fracture and joint effusion with the injury to the menisci and ligaments in MRI of knee trauma.

Background: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a noninvasive diagnostic tool may help clinicians in the evaluation of injuries to menisci and ligaments.

Purpose: this study assessed the associations between type of trauma to knee joint, bone bruise, fracture and pathological joint effusion with injuries to menisci and ligaments of knee joint.

Methods: we reviewed knee joint MRI of 175 patients aged less than 45 years old who were referred to MRI center of our University.

Migration patterns of herniated disc fragments: a study on 1,020 patients with extruded lumbar disc herniation.

Background Context: Herniated disc fragments are known to migrate in various directions within the spinal canal. To date, no comprehensive studies have been undertaken to examine the migration patterns of herniated disc material using a standard nomenclature and classification system.

Purpose: To report migration patterns of extruded lumbar disc fragments.

Validity and reliability of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form and its correlation with urodynamic findings.

Purpose: To validate the Persian version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) as a standard questionnaire for assessment of urinary incontinence (UI).

Materials And Methods: After translation and back translation of the questionnaire, the harmonized translation was pre-tested in a pilot study on 28 patients. The final Persian version of the ICIQ-UI SF was administered to 123 consecutive patients aged ≥ 16 years complaining of UI.

Diagnostic value of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in ulnar neuropathy at the elbow.

Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE). Methods.

Measuring the childbearing motivation of couples referred to the Shiraz Health Center for premarital examinations.

Millions of children who were born during the first decade after the Islamic revolution in Iran are now reaching the age of marriage and childbearing. Short spacing between marriage and the birth of the first child has the potential to cause an excessive and costly increase in the growth of population in Iran. Research into the motivations for the birth of first child among newly married couples can create a knowledge base that will enable health centres to help these couples make better decisions about the timing of their first pregnancy.