Normal mode analysis and comparative study of intrinsic dynamics of alcohol oxidase enzymes from GMC protein family.

Glucose-Methanol-Choline (GMC) family enzymes are very important in catalyzing the oxidation of a wide range of structurally diverse substrates. Enzymes that constitute the GMC family, share a common tertiary fold but < 25% sequence identity. Cofactor FAD, FAD binding signature motif, and similar structural scaffold of the active site are common features of oxidoreductase enzymes of the GMC family.

Modeling of alcohol oxidase enzyme of Candida boidinii and in silico analysis of competitive binding of proton ionophores and FAD with enzyme.

Alcohol oxidase (AOX) is an important flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) dependent oxidoreductase, which is responsible for converting methanol into formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide for the growth of methylotrophic yeast Candida boidinii. Although AOX plays a crucial role in methanol catabolism, the experimental structure of AOX from Candida boidinii has not been elucidated. This study reports the first complete in silico model of AOX from C.

Three dimensional electron microscopy and in silico tools for macromolecular structure determination.

Recently, structural biology witnessed a major tool - electron microscopy - in solving the structures of macromolecules in addition to the conventional techniques, X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Three dimensional transmission electron microscopy (3DTEM) is one of the most sophisticated techniques for structure determination of molecular machines. Known to give the 3-dimensional structures in its native form with literally no upper limit on size of the macromolecule, this tool does not need the crystallization of the protein.

A survey of application: genomics and genetic programming, a new frontier.

The aim of this paper is to provide an introduction to the rapidly developing field of genetic programming (GP). Particular emphasis is placed on the application of GP to genomics. First, the basic methodology of GP is introduced.