Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Fluoride-doped Amorphous Calcium Phosphate: A Novel Remineralizing Gel.

Background: There is a need for innovative remineralizing gel formulations based on calcium and phosphates that can slowly release fluoride ions and enhance the formation of fluorapatite crystals that are more resistant to dissolution in an acidic environment.

Aim: The aim of the work was to formulate a remineralizing agent that remineralizes enamel through the release of Ca, PO₄³-, and F- ions for a prolonged period of time.

Materials And Methods: The gel was based on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as a bioinspired gelling agent and on Fluoride-doped Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (F-ACP) as a remineralizing agent.

Suspicion Is Key: Diagnosing Elusive Cytoplasmic Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (c-ANCA)-Positive Vasculitis.

We present a case of a 53-year-old black male with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes presenting with fatigue, generalized myalgias, and unintentional weight loss developed over several months. The patient was diagnosed with cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA)-positive vasculitis. Renal biopsy confirmed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) crescentic necrotizing glomerulonephritis.

Vertebral Osteomyelitis Secondary to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Instillation Therapy for Transitional Cell Carcinoma In Situ.

Transitional cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer among men and the 17th most common cancer in women. The treatment methods for the condition range from noninvasive chemotherapy to more invasive procedures like cystectomy and complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy (BCG). Intravesical BCG treatment is known to be effective as it is associated with increased survivability and long-term benefits, especially in early-stage, minimally-invasive disease.