ABO gene polymorphism and COVID-19 severity: The impact on haematological complications, inflammatory markers, and lung lesions.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the connection between an intronic variant in the ABO gene (rs657152) and the severity of COVID-19 in terms of clinical symptoms, haematological complications, inflammatory markers, and lung lesions.

Methods: After applying exclusion criteria, the study included 240 patients divided into 3 groups: 88 Outpatients, 84 Ward-hospitalized, and 68 ICU-admitted/failed patients. The tetra-ARMS PCR method was used to genotype ABO polymorphism in the patient.

Association of Interleukin-4 Receptor α Chain I50V Gene Variant (rs1805010) and Asthma in Iranian Population: A Case-control Study.

Background: Asthma is one of the respiratory disorders caused by chronic airway inflammation. IL-4 has been identified as one of the participating interleukins in the severity of asthma.

Objective: A case-control study was conducted to determine the association of rs1805010, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the interleukin 4 receptor α chain, with asthma and immunoglobulin E and IL-17A serum levels in Iranian populations.

The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism on the Severity and Death Rate of COVID-19 in Iranian Patients.

The study was designed to assess the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 in the Iranian population. Hence, 186 adult patients were categorized into three clinical groups based on the severity of COVID-19: 1) Outpatients or mildly symptomatic patients as control (n = 71); 2) Hospitalized patients or severe symptomatic cases (n = 53); 3) Inpatients led to ICU/death or critically ill patients needed mechanical ventilation (n = 62). The possible association of ACE I/D polymorphism with the risk of comorbidities and serum level of C-reactive protein was evaluated in two severe cases.

Inflammation Progresses to Normal Tissue in Patients with Anthracosis after Discontinuation of Exposure to Fossil Fuel.

Background: Exposure to toxic materials predisposes the lungs to infectious agents and inflammatory responses. The present study was performed on patients with anthracosis caused by exposure to fossil fuels in previous years, and histopathological features of airways' normal-appearing tissue were compared with histopathological features of anthracotic plaques in these patients.

Methods: Bronchoscopic evaluations were performed on bakery workers who were directly in contact with fossil fuels.

Determination of a Cut-off Point for Exhaled Nitric Oxide in the Diagnosis of Asthma in an Iranian Population.

Background: Asthma is a major source of global social and economic burden; thus, its early detection is important. Measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) has been used recently considered a good indicator of asthma and also a sensitive and non-invasive method for monitoring airway inflammation. This study was conducted to determine the cut-off point of FENO for the diagnosis of asthma in the studied population.

Effect of Lidocaine 2% on Bacterial Culture of Bronchial Fluid.

Objective: To evaluate the action of 2% lidocaine on the culture results of bronchial fluid in patients suspected of having lower respiratory tract infections.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran, from November 2014 to November 2015.

Comparison of samples obtained from bronchoscopy of patients with and without bronchial anthracosis for investigating the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Objective: Bronchial anthracosis is caused by the deposition of carbon, silica or asbestos particles in mucosal and submucosal cells and macrophages, and it can lead to chronic bronchial obstruction. Certain studies have reported an association between bronchial anthracosis and infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study aimed to compare the samples obtained from bronchoscopy of patients with and without bronchial anthracosis for investigating the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Comparative assessment of the diagnostic value of transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology in lung cancer.

Background: This study was designed to determine the accuracy of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology (BAL) using histopathologic examination of transbronchial biopsy specimens as the gold standard in diagnosis of lung carcinoma at our center.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to investigate a total of 388 patients who were suspected of having lung cancer and had undergone fiberoptic bronchoscopy in Shahid Sadoughi hospital from 2006 to 2011. Lung masses were proven to be malignant by histology.

A 63 years old woman with progressive mechanical dysphagia and weight loss: a case presentation.

When considering a patient with dysphagia, an attempt should be made to determine whether the patient has difficulty only with solid boluses (suggestive of mechanical dysphagia) or with liquids and solids (suggestive of a motility dysphagia). Lesions such as an oesophageal tumor and external pressure effect from a lung tumor or aberrant vessel can lead to mechanical dysphagia. Endoscopy and / or a barium swallow are helpful in identifying the anatomical disarrangement.

A case of pulmonary carcinoid tumour in a pregnant woman successfully treated with bronchoscopic (electrocautery) therapy.

We present an uncommon case of a carcinoid tumour of the bronchus that was diagnosed during pregnancy in a 28-year-old woman. The patient was admitted at the emergency department with massive haemoptysis. Owing to the patient's critical condition, she underwent urgent flexible bronchoscopy.