A hybrid system of mixture models for the prediction of particle size and shape, density, and flowability of pharmaceutical powder blends.

This paper presents a system of hybrid models that combine both mechanistic and data-driven approaches to predict physical powder blend properties from their raw component properties. Mechanistic, probabilistic models were developed to predict the particle size and shape, represented by aspect ratio, distributions of pharmaceutical blends using those of the raw components. Additionally, the accuracy of existing mixture rules for predicting the blend's true density and bulk density was assessed.

Empirical Model Variability: Developing a new global optimisation approach to populate compression and compaction mixture rules.

This study systematically evaluated the predictive accuracy of common empirical models for pharmaceutical powder compaction. A dataset of nine placebo and twelve active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) loaded blend formulations (four APIs at three drug loadings) was fitted to the widely used empirical tablet compression (Gurnham, Heckel, and Kawakita) and compaction (Ryshkewitch-Duckworth and Leuenberger) models. At low API loadings (<20w/w%), all models achieved R above 90 % and RRMSE (relative root mean squared error) below 0.

Flexible modelling of the dissolution performance of directly compressed tablets.

In this study, a compartmental disintegration and dissolution model is proposed for the prediction and evaluation of the dissolution performance of directly compressed tablets. This dissolution model uses three compartments (Bound, Disintegrated, and Dissolved) to describe the state of each particle of active pharmaceutical ingredient. The disintegration of the tablet is captured by three fitting parameters.

Salivary Antioxidants Levels in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most common diseases of the oral mucosa, which exact pathogenesis remains unknown. Free radicals and reactive oxygen species could play an important role in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.

Aims And Objectives: This study aimed to compare the salivary levels of uric acid, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and albumin in the patients with oral lichen planus and healthy subjects.

Identification and Characterization of a High Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Harboring VanA Gene Cluster Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of human infection, and emergence of vancomycin-resistance S. aureus is a great concern for treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus,(MRSA) in recent years (MRSA).

Encapsulated insular carcinoma of the thyroid arising in graves' disease: report of a case and review of the literature.

Insular carcinoma represents a rather rare form of thyroid cancer. Total encapsulation and history of hyperthyroidism are even extremely rarer events with only a few cases reported in the literature. This article reports an insular carcinoma of the thyroid in a 51-year-old woman, displaying these features and pulmonary metastasis with no cervical lymph node involvement.

Obstructive jaundice in Iran: factors affecting early outcome.

Background: Understanding any factors which influence the morbidity and mortality in patients with obstructive jaundice in each society will better guide appropriate management and lead to improved survival. This study aimed to assess baseline etiologies, clinical manifestations, diagnostic results, and morbidity and mortality related to obstructive jaundice in Iranian patients.

Methods: The hospital recorded files of 133 patients with the final diagnosis of obstructive jaundice who had been admitted to the Taleqhani Hospital in Tehran between January 2001 and September 2004 were reviewed.