The effect of breathing exercises combined with manual therapy on muscle tension dysphonia in traditional singers: a blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) is common in traditional singers and can lead to serious complications, but there is inconclusive evidence about how MTD should be treated in singers as professional voice users. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of breathing exercises combined with manual therapy versus breathing exercises and manual therapy on voice quality in traditional singers suffering from MTD.

Methods: In this blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with MTD were randomly allocated to four groups: (1) breathing exercises, (2) manual therapy, (3) combined intervention (CI) and (4) control.

Contra-lateral Auditory Brainstem Responses in Dyslexia.

Objective: Developmental care comprises a wide range of medical and nursing interventions used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to mitigate and reduce stressors affecting preterm or ill neonates. Because patient satisfaction survey is a valuable quality improvement tool, we aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of a tool for measuring parent satisfaction of developmental care in the NICU.

Materials &methods: In this psychometric methodological study, the item pool and initial questionnaire were designed based on a comprehensive literature review and exploring NICU parent satisfaction questionnaires.