Cucurbitacin E Glucoside as an Apoptosis Inducer in Melanoma Cancer Cells by Modulating AMPK/PGK1/PKM2 Pathway.

Background: Cucurbitacin E glucoside (CEG), a prominent constituent of Cucurbitaceae plants, exhibits notable effects on cancer cell behavior, including inhibition of invasion and migration, achieved through mechanisms such as apoptosis induction, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton.

Objective: Melanoma, the fastest-growing malignancy among young individuals in the United States and the predominant cancer among young adults aged 25 to 29, poses a significant health threat. This study aims to elucidate the apoptotic mechanism of CEG against the melanoma cancer cell line (A375).

Association of and Genetic Variants With Schizophrenia in the Bangladeshi Population: A Case-Control Study.

Background And Aims: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is among the most persistent and devastating psychological problems. Different genetic polymorphisms are responsible for the predisposition of SCZ, and we screened (rs2071287, rs204993) and (rs2070673) polymorphisms in this study to find the connection with SCZ development.

Methods: We investigated a total of 420 samples (210 patients and 210 controls) and used the PCR-RFLP technique to genotype all SNPs.

Size Dependence of the Tetragonal to Orthorhombic Phase Transition of Ammonia Borane in Nanoconfinement.

We have investigated the thermodynamic property modification of ammonia borane via nanoconfinement. Two different mesoporous silica scaffolds, SBA-15 and MCM-41, were used to confine ammonia borane. Using in situ Raman spectroscopy, we examined how pore size influences the phase transition temperature from tetragonal () to orthorhombic () for ammonia borane.

Advancing the management of maternal, fetal, and neonatal infection through harnessing digital health innovations.

Infections occurring in the mother and neonate exert a substantial health burden worldwide. Optimising infection management is crucial for improving individual outcomes and reducing the incidence of antimicrobial resistance. Digital health technologies, through their accessibility and scalability, hold promise in improving the quality of care across diverse health-care settings.

Using digital health technologies to optimise antimicrobial use globally.

Digital health technology (DHT) describes tools and devices that generate or process health data. The application of DHTs could improve the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of bacterial infection and the prevention of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). DHTs to optimise antimicrobial use are rapidly being developed.

Clarification of a unique mucosal vaccination route for improved systemic and mucosal immune response in broiler.

There are often outbreaks of infectious diseases on farms, which not only disrupt production but also cause significant economic losses. Vaccines are given to prevent the spread of these infectious diseases, but they produce only systemic antibodies or antibodies in the mucosa of a particular system. So, a new mucosal vaccination route is needed where the vaccine will produce antibodies in the systemic circulation as well as in the mucosa of many systems.

The nucleolin MoNsr1 plays pleiotropic roles in the pathogenicity and stress adaptation in the rice blast fungus .

The rice blast disease, caused by the fungus , is a significant agricultural problem that adversely impacts rice production and food security. Understanding the precise molecular pathways involved in the interaction between the pathogen and its host is crucial for developing effective disease management strategies. This study examines the crucial function of the nucleolin MoNsr1 in regulating physiological functions.

Synthesis of new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, anti-cancer, bacterial activity, molecular docking and adsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion analysis.

The amination and cyclization method developed a new strategy for designing and assembling new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives of compounds 3a-g and 4a-g. Newly prepared pyridine compounds are more economical, and reduce the reaction time. FT-IR, H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses elucidated the synthesized derivatives.

Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Severity Assessment and Mortality Prediction in COVID-19 Patients.

Background Early risk stratification of COVID-19 may yield a better prognosis by tailoring effective treatment strategies. Recent studies have identified that elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has prognostic value in terms of disease severity and mortality in patients with pneumonia. This study aims to explore the potential of CEA as a marker for both severity assessment and mortality prediction in COVID-19 patients.

Altered trace elements, antioxidant vitamin C, and malondialdehyde levels are associated with the pathophysiology and development of pre-hepatic jaundice: A case-control study.

Objectives: Pre-hepatic jaundice results from an imbalance between bilirubin production and clearance, often linked to hemoglobinopathies. Antioxidant vitamin C, malondialdehyde, and trace elements play roles in jaundice, yet their specific associations remain unclear. The objective is to assess and compare these biomarkers in pre-hepatic jaundice patients and healthy controls, aiming to identify potential diagnostic markers and understand distinctive characteristics related to the disease's pathogenesis.

Evaluation of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity using progesterone and androgen receptors-mediated transactivation.

3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3β-HSDs) catalyze the oxidative conversion of delta (5)-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroids and ketosteroids. Human 3β-HSD type 2 (HSD3B2) is predominantly expressed in gonadal and adrenal steroidogenic cells for producing all classes of active steroid hormones. Mutations in HSD3B2 gene cause a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with varying degree of salt wasting and incomplete masculinization, resulting from reduced production of corticoids and androgens.

Occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in water and sediments of Hatiya Island, Bangladesh and their risk assessment.

This research has evaluated the MPs distribution, characteristics, and potential threats of MPs in surface water and sediments from Hatiya Island. The results showed that the abundance of MPs was 139 ± 44 items/m in surface water and 493 ± 80 items/kg dw in sediments, indicating higher levels of MPs contamination in sediment samples. Fibers were the predominant kind of microplastics, and microscopic sizes (0.

Association of HOTAIR rs7958904 Polymorphism with Cervical Cancer Risk.

Cervical cancer (CC) has been the prominent cause of cancer-associated fatalities among women in developing countries. In terms of occurrence and mortality, it is ranked second in Bangladesh. Although different genetic polymorphisms linked with this cancer have been investigated over time, the association between the HOTAIR rs7958904 variant and cervical cancer is being reported for the first time in Bangladeshi women.

Combined Levothyroxine and Propylthiouracil Treatment in Children with Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 Deficiency: A Multicenter Case Series of 12 Patients.

To evaluate the combined administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) and levothyroxine (LT4) in managing monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) deficiency and identify optimal therapeutic dosages. This multicenter case series involved 12 male patients with MCT8 deficiency whose parents/guardians consented to PTU and LT4 treatment. Data were collected from January 2008 to June 24, 2024.

Exploiting spirooxindoles for dual DNA targeting/CDK2 inhibition and simultaneous mitigation of oxidative stress towards selective NSCLC therapy; synthesis, evaluation, and molecular modelling studies.

The unique structure of spirooxindoles and their ability to feature various pharmacophoric motifs render them privileged scaffolds for tailoring new multitarget anticancer agents. Herein, a stereoselective multicomponent reaction was utilized to generate a small combinatorial library of pyrazole-tethered spirooxindoles targeting DNA and CDK2 with free radical scavenging potential as an extra bonus. The designed spirooxindoles were directed to combat NSCLC inducing apoptosis and alleviating oxidative stress.

Correction: Azam et al. Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Treated Ajwa Date Pits: Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Approach. 2022, , 914.

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Impact of ALDH1A1 and NQO1 gene polymorphisms on the response and toxicity of chemotherapy in Bangladeshi breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Cyclophosphamide, Epirubicin/Doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil (CEF or CAF) chemotherapy has long been a standard first-line treatment for breast cancer. The genetic variations of enzymes that are responsible for the metabolism of these drugs have been linked to altered treatment response and toxicity. Two drug-metabolizing enzymes ALDH1A1 and NQO1 are critically involved in the pathways of CEF/CAF metabolism.

Synthesis of 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone derivatives as potent PDE-1 and -3 inhibitors: and insights.

Synthesis of novel -Schiff bases having potent inhibitory activity against phosphodiesterase (PDE-1 and -3) enzymes, potentially offering therapeutic implications for various conditions. -Schiff bases were synthesized by refluxing 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone with hydrazine hydrate, followed by treatment of substituted aldehydes with the resulting hydrazone to obtain the product compounds. After structural confirmation, the compounds were screened for their PDE-1 and -3 inhibitory activities.

Response of Bangladesh to the World Health Organization call to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health issue: An observational report.

Background: Despite being preventable, cervical cancer remains a leading cause of mortality among Bangladeshi women. This article addresses the trends in Bangladesh's response to the World Health Organization's (WHO) request for the eradication of cervical cancer within the nation.

Discussion: When it comes to cervical cancer, healthcare institutions need to be concerned in terms of protocols for diagnosis and treatment, staff education, and available resources.

Novel isoniazid-hydrazone derivatives induce cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent caspase activation and PI3K/AKT inhibition.

In this study, seven isoniazid-hydrazone derivatives (3a-g) were synthesized and their structures elucidated by chromatographic techniques, and then the antiproliferative effects of these compounds on various cancer cells were tested. The advanced anticancer mechanism of the most potent compound was then investigated. Antiproliferative activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated on human breast cancer MCF-7, lung cancer A-549, colon cancer HT-29, and non-cancerous mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 cell lines by XTT assay.

Optimal Treatment of Tumor in Upper Human Respiratory Tract Using Microaerosols.

Lung cancer is a frequently diagnosed respiratory disease caused by particulate matter in the environment, especially among older individuals. For its effective treatment, a promising approach involves administering drug particles through the inhalation route. Multiple studies have investigated the flow behavior of inhaled particles in the respiratory airways of healthy patients.

CDK: A novel high-performance transfer feature technique for early detection of osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent condition causing significant disability, particularly among the elderly, necessitating advancements in diagnostic methodologies to facilitate early detection and treatment. Traditional OA diagnosis, relying on radiography and physical exams, faces limitations in accuracy and objectivity. This underscores the need for more advanced diagnostic methods, such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), to improve OA detection and classification.

Molecular cloning, identification, transcriptional analysis, and silencing of enolase on the life cycle of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari, Ixodidae) tick.

Ticks, blood-sucking ectoparasites, spread diseases to humans and animals. Haemaphysalis longicornis is a significant vector for tick-borne diseases in medical and veterinary contexts. Identifying protective antigens in H.

Comparative analysis of essential oil efficacy against the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae).

This study evaluated the potential repellent and acaricidal effects of 4 essential oils (clove, eucalyptus, lavender, and mint) against the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis, a vector of various tick-borne diseases in medical and veterinary contexts. Selected for their potential repellent and acaricidal properties, the 4 essential oils were tested on adult and nymph H. longicornis ticks at different concentrations.