Navigating Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Conversion: Insights From Recurrent Breast Cancer.

Recurrent breast cancer presents clinical challenges due to its dynamic nature. Turning human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status from negative to positive upon recurrence is a rare but clinically significant phenomenon that can impact treatment decisions. We present the case of a 63-year-old female initially diagnosed with stage IIIA breast cancer, characterized as HER2-negative.

Use and Interchange of Incretin Mimetics in the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases: A Narrative Review.

Purpose: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and now tirzepatide, a dual GLP-1 RA/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide agonist, have numerous advantages in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, yet only 11% of patients with type 2 diabetes are prescribed a GLP-1 RA. This narrative review addresses the complexity and cost issues surrounding incretin mimetics to support clinicians.

Methods: This narrative review summarizes key trials on the differing effects of incretin mimetics on glycosylated hemoglobin and weight, provides a table with rationale for how to interchange among agents, and summarizes the key factors that guide drug selection beyond guidance from the American Diabetes Association.

Cushing's syndrome with no clinical stigmata - a variant of glucocorticoid resistance syndrome.

Background: Cortisol resistance syndrome is a very rare condition characterized by high cortisol levels, but without any clinical features of Cushing's syndrome. Our objective is to present such a case.

Case Presentation: A 41 year old female presented with mild hirsutism and elevated urinary cortisol levels.

Early onset of Fazio-Londe syndrome: the first case report from the Arabian Peninsula.

Fazio-Londe syndrome is a rare neurological disorder presenting with sensorineural deafness, bulbar palsy and respiratory compromise that is caused by mutation in the gene, which encodes the intestinal (hRFT2) riboflavin transporter. We report a patient with early onset of Fazio-Londe syndrome as the first case report in Saudi Arabia with rapid regression to death at 24 months of age.