Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: Long-discussed but yet-to-be-known.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast with unknown etiology. It is an important diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, as most patients were initially misdiagnosed by their primary care physicians, leading to diagnostic confusion and heightened anxiety. Although several triggers have been proposed for development of IGM, the etiologic association of neither of them has been documented.

Can Procalcitonin Add to the Prognostic Power of the Severity Scoring System in Adults with Pneumonia?

Background: The first decision confronting clinicians in the management of patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is whether the patient is to be hospitalized or not. We sought to validate the pneumonia scoring system and assess the power of procalcitonin (PCT) level to predict in-hospital mortality (IHM) and intensive vasopressor and respiratory support (IVRS) requirements in patients with CAP.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 patients with CAP were evaluated for severity of illness based on the defined scoring systems including pneumonia severity index (PSI), confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age>65 (CURB-65), confusion, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age>65 (CRB-65), infectious diseases society of America/American thoracic society 2007 criteria (IDSA/ATS 2007) and systolic blood pressure, multilobar infiltrate, albumin, respiratory rate, tachycardia, confusion, low oxygen, low pH (SMART-COP).

A 28-Year-Old Woman with Fever, Weight Loss, Pancytopenia, and Multiple Hepatosplenic and Bone Lesions.

Brucellosis is a systemic zoonotic infection that can involve any organ or system in the body. It may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Considering such myriad presentations, brucellosis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of any febrile illness in a compatible epidemiological context.

How should we manage a patient with invasive mucoromycosis who develops life-threatening reaction to amphotericin B? Report of two cases and literature review.

This report presents two cases of invasive rhino-orbital mucormycosis who had life-threatening reactions to amphotericin B. Both cases were treated with a combination of posaconazole-caspofungin favorably with no evidence of recurrence upon long-term follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first report of successful treatment of invasive mucormycosis with azole-echinocandin combination.

Treatment for and clinical characteristics of granulomatous mastitis.

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, the management of our patients, and review the literature on this topic.

Methods: Patients referred to our clinic with a presumptive diagnosis of infectious mastitis were only included in the study if they had histopathologic confirmation of granulomatous mastitis. A systemic or infectious etiology was excluded by the testing of tissues and fluids by staining, culture, and polymerase chain reaction methods.

HIV: An Epidemiologic study on Head and Neck Involvement in 50 Patients.

Introduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a worldwide infection. Because of the vast array of manifestations of AIDS and its many atypical presentations, it is becoming increasingly challenging for clinicians to accurately diagnose new lesions.

Materials And Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from 2007 to 2010, 50 patients with a proven human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were evaluated.

Disseminated tuberculosis in a kidney transplant patient: Diagnostic significance of reversed circadian temperature rhythm.

Presently, clinicians often forget important aspects of fever patterns. This study presents the case of disseminated tuberculosis in a 64-year-old man whose chief complaint was morning fever. He was a kidney transplant patient and presented with productive cough, reverse fever pattern and a nodular pattern in chest radiograph.

Brucellar psychosis.

Brucellosis is the most common worldwide zoonotic infection of which psychosis is a rare feature of this disease. Brucellar psychosis should be considered in a patient with unexplained, nonspecific psychological complaints. Its timely diagnosis relies on special attention to the epidemiologic profile of the patient for a possible exposure to the brucella species.

Isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis.

We present two non-HIV-infected patients with isolated native non-rheumatic tricuspid valve endocarditis who were not intravenous drug abusers. The patients presented with fever and chills. Plain radiography or high-resolution computed tomography of the chest revealed consolidation or infiltrate of the left parenchyma in both patients.