Chemical and physical characteristics of wheat root mucilage influenced by Serendipita indica symbiosis: a comparison among four cultivars.

Although there is evidence to suggest that the endophytic fungus Serendipita indica plays a crucial role in enhancing plant tolerance against biotic/abiotic stressors, less is known about the impacts of this symbiosis association on root mucilage chemical composition and its physical functions. The mucilage of inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings of four wheat cultivars (i.e.

Oxygen diffusion in biochar-based mixtures as plant growth media: Experimental and modelling.

A large amount of agricultural waste is produced annually. Producing biochar is an excellent solution for waste management, resource recovery, emission reduction, energy production, reduction in transportation and enhancing carbon sequestration. This study was done to investigate the aeration status of biochar-based growth media as compared with the commercial soilless medium of cocopeat-perlite.

Effects of upstream activities of Tigris-Euphrates River Basin on water and soil resources of Shatt al-Arab Border River.

The Tigris-Euphrates River Basin (TERB) is one of the key transboundary basins among the developing countries in the Middle East which has been significantly damaged by mismanagement, exploitation for energy production and unsustainable water use. This study aimed to evaluate the water and soil resources in the lower parts of this basin. More specifically, how the area of the Shatt al-Arab River (SAR) formed at the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is affected in terms of quality by upstream activities.

Feasibility of agricultural residues and their biochars for plant growing media: Physical and hydraulic properties.

This study was conducted to examine feasibility of using some agricultural residues and their biochars as substitutes for commercial horticultural growing media as cocopeat, sand, perlite, zeolite, pumice, vermiculite and rockwool. Biochars of wheat straw, sawdust, rice hull, sugarcane bagasse and date palm bunches were produced at 300 and 500 °C. Following substrate properties were determined: easily available water (EAW) defined by the difference between water contents (θ) at absolute matric potentials (h) of 10 and 50 hPa (EAW = θ - θ), air after irrigation (AIR = θ - θ), water holding capacity (WHC = θ), water buffering capacity (WBC = θ - θ), saturated water content (θ), bulk density (BD), total porosity (TP), water drop penetration time (WDPT), pH and electrical conductivity (EC).

Application of response surface methodology (RSM) for optimizing coagulation process of paper recycling wastewater using .

The wastewater produced in a pulp and paper industry is one of the most polluted industrial wastewaters, and therefore its treatment requires complex processes. One of the simple and feasible processes in pulp and paper wastewater treatment is coagulation and flocculation. Overusing a chemical coagulant can produce a large volume of sludge and increase costs and health concerns.

Erodibility of calcareous soils as influenced by land use and intrinsic soil properties in a semiarid region of central Iran.

The most important properties affecting the soil loss and runoff were investigated, and the effects of land use on the soil properties, together with the erodibility indices in a semiarid zone, central Iran, were evaluated. The locations of 100 positions were acquired by cLHS and 0-5-cm surface soil layer samples were used for laboratory analyses from the Borujen Region, Chaharmahal-Va-Bakhtiari Province, central Iran. To measure in situ runoff and soil erodibility of three different land uses comprising dryland, irrigated farming, and rangeland, a portable rainfall simulator was used.

Maize water status and physiological traits as affected by root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica under combined drought and mechanical stresses.

Under combined drought and mechanical stresses, mechanical stress primarily controlled physiological responses of maize. Piriformospora indica mitigated the adverse effects of stresses, and inoculated maize experienced less oxidative damage and had better adaptation to stressful conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of maize root colonization by an endophytic fungus P.

Effect of the fungus Piriformospora indica on physiological characteristics and root morphology of wheat under combined drought and mechanical stresses.

This study was done to evaluate the effects of the root-colonizing endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica on wheat growth under combined drought and mechanical stresses. Inoculated (colonized) and non-inoculated (uncolonized) wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv.

Effect of pyrolysis temperature on chemical and physical properties of sewage sludge biochar.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600 and 700°C) on properties of biochar produced from an urban sewage sludge. Biochar yield significantly decreased from 72.5% at 300°C to 52.