Comparison of Fat-Free Mass and Ideal Body Weight Scalar for Anesthetic Induction Dose of Propofol in Patients with Morbid Obesity: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Obesity is a growing problem worldwide and can affect both the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of various drugs, including anesthetics, resulting in the under-or overdosing of certain drugs. There is no consensus on the ideal dosing regimen for obese populations.

Objectives: In this study, 2 weight-based dosing of propofol used for induction of anesthesia were compared in terms of the onset of action time, adequacy of anesthesia, and effects on hemodynamic indices (eg, heart rate [HR] and blood pressure).

Comparison of Pressure and Volume-Controlled Mechanical Ventilation in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Background: The number of patients with obesity undergoing various surgeries is increasing annually, and ventilation problems are highly prevalent in these patients.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate ventilation effectiveness with pressure-controlled (PC) and volume-controlled (VC) ventilation modes during laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

Methods: In this open-label randomized crossover clinical trial, 40 adult patients with morbid obesity candidates for laparoscopic bariatric surgery were assigned to VC-PC or PC-VC groups.

Effect of Different Loading Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Controlled Hypotension and the Incidence of Bradycardia During Rhinoplasty: A Clinical Trial.

Controlled hypotension, with a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 60 mmHg - 70 mmHg, provides a bloodless and visible surgical field during rhinoplasty. It has been shown that dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenoreceptor agonist, is a suitable choice in this regard. One of the disadvantages of this drug is the possibility of severe bradycardia during infusion.

The Effect of Intravesical Diluted Bupivacaine on Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort in Young and Middle-Aged Male Patients During Postanaesthetic Recovery.

Objective: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) that manifests as agitation and bladder hyperactivity is a common problem in young male patients. Local anaesthetics are typically recommended for this problem. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the effect of intravesical diluted bupivacaine on CRBD in young male patients during postanaesthetic recovery.

Effect of General Versus Spinal Anesthesia on Postoperative Delirium and Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and delirium are common in the elderly patients, given the controversial results of previous studies about the impact of anesthesia type on the occurrence of these complications.

Objectives: This study was planned to compare the effects of general and spinal anesthesia on the prevalence of POCD and delirium.

Methods: A single-blind non-randomized clinical trial.

A clinical trial of volume- versus pressure-controlled intraoperative ventilation during laparoscopic bariatric surgeries.

Background: Intra-operative ventilation is often challenging in patients with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery.

Objectives: To test the noninferiority of pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) to volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) in respiratory mechanics.

Setting: Bariatric Surgery Center, Iran.

The effect of intraoperative lung protective ventilation vs conventional ventilation, on postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiopulmonary bypass.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP) and low tidal volume (TV) and recruitment maneuver, on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. This study is a randomized double blind clinical trial on 64 patients who were undergoing CABG surgery, and were randomly divided into two groups of conventional ventilation (C-Vent) with TV of 9 mL/kg and PEEP=0 cm H2O, and lung protective ventilation (P-Vent), with 6 mL/kg TV and PEEP=10 cm H2O with recruitment maneuver every 30 minutes. Measures of PPCs and modified clinical pulmonary infection score (mCPIS), were assessed for the first 24 hours of postoperative time in order to evaluate the pulmonary complications.

Comparing the Effect of Preoperative Administration of Melatonin and on Postoperative Cognitive Disorders in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery.

Background: Anxiety is a preoperative complication, which most patients encounter. The use of a premedication to reduce preoperative anxiety with minimal cognitive impairment is crucial.

Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the sedative effect of preoperative melatonin and in patients undergoing elective surgery regarding their potential for postoperative cognitive disorders.

Crystalloid versus colloid fluids for reduction of postoperative ileus after abdominal operation under combined general and epidural anesthesia.

Background: The main objective of this study was to compare the effect of perioperative administration of crystalloid versus colloid solutions and its impact on reversal of ileus after resection with primary anastomosis of intestine. We hypothesized that inclusion of colloids will improve the return of intestinal motility.

Methods: In a double-blinded clinical trial, 91 the American Society of Anesthesiologists I to III patients undergoing abdominal operation for resection with anastomosis of small or large intestine were randomized to receive either lactated Ringer solution crystalloid group or 6% hydroxyethyl starch colloid group to replace intraoperative fluid loss (blood loss + third space).

Remifentanil infusion during emergence moderates hemodynamic and cough responses to the tracheal tube: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To examine the severity of cough and straining at the time of emergence from anesthesia.

Design: Double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Setting: University-affiliated hospital.

Anesthetic management for lower limb fracture in severe aortic valve stenosis and fat embolism: a case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Anesthesia in severe aortic stenosis, which describes a valve surface area less than 1 cm(2), can result in rapid clinical deterioration and patient mortality. These patients may require treatment for aortic stenosis before any surgical intervention. In suitable patients percutaneous balloon aortic valvutomy appears to carry lower risk, but in emergency situations, it is important to determine which kind of anesthesia technique has the lowest risk for these patients, without any cardiac intervention.

Comparing GlideScope Video Laryngoscope and Macintosh Laryngoscope Regarding Hemodynamic Responses During Orotracheal Intubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: To determine if the GlideScope® videolaryngoscope (GVL) could attenuate the hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation compared with conventional Macintosh laryngoscope.

Objectives: The aim of this relatively large randomized trial was to compare the hemodynamic stress responses during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation using GVL versus MCL amongst healthy adult individuals receiving general anesthesia for elective surgeries.

Patients And Methods: Ninety five healthy adult patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I or II that were scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to either Macintosh or GlideScope arms.

Intravenous acetaminophen is superior to ketamine for postoperative pain after abdominal hysterectomy: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial.

Background: In recent years, intravenously (IV) administered acetaminophen has become one of the most common perioperative analgesics. Despite its now-routine use, IV acetaminophen's analgesic comparative efficacy has never been compared with that of ketamine, a decades-old analgesic familiar to obstetricians, gynecologists, and anesthesiologists alike. This doubleblind clinical trial aimed to evaluate the analgesic effects of ketamine and IV acetaminophen on postoperative pain after abdominal hysterectomy.

Adjuvant hyaluronidase to epidural steroid improves the quality of analgesia in failed back surgery syndrome: a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Background: Management of low back pain after spinal surgeries is one of the most challenging problems in pain medicine. Transforaminal lumbar epidural steroid injection has been used with inconsistent response. Most patients require multiple and frequent injections due to high recurrence of back pain.