Categorization of Functional Constipation in Traditional Persian Medicine: A Descriptive Study.

Functional constipation (FC) is a common clinical condition without any specific physiological causes with economic cost and adverse effects on patients' quality of life. The present study aimed to evaluate the causes of nonobstructive constipation in traditional Persian medicine and its prevalence in patients with functional constipation by content analysis of patients' interviews and clinical exams. In this study, almost two thirds of the patients with functional constipation had mild to severe cold distemperament of the gastrointestinal system, and in almost half of them the signs and symptoms were compatible with dry distemperament of the gastrointestinal.

Efficacy of the Malva sylvestris L. flowers aqueous extract for functional constipation: A placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Malva sylvestris L. flowers extract for treatment of FC.

Method: Adults with FC were allocated to receive the M.