The influence of ammonia-N and salinity levels on oxidative stress markers, hepatic enzymes, and acid phosphatase activity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

The point of our study was to examine the interaction of ammonia-N poisoning and salinity on serum enzymes and oxidative stress factors of blood and liver in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The 50% lethal concentration (LC) in 96 h was 0.86 mg/L of ammonia-N.

Combined effects of ammonia-N exposure and salinity changes on hematological and serum biochemical factors and thyroid hormones in Nile tilapia ().

The aim of this research was to evaluate the interaction effects of ammonia-N levels and salinity on hematological and serum biochemical parameters in Nile tilapia (). The fish were randomly divided into 12 treatments including the levels of salinity (0, 4, 8 and 12 ppt) and 0, 50% of LC50-96 h of ammonia-N and 30% of LC50-96 h of ammonia-N in a factorial design (4 salinity levels x 3 ammonia levels). Hemoglobin value in all treatments, except for salinity treatments, namely 2, 3, 4, showed a significant decrease than the control (0 ppt and no poisoning).

Effect of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans spores on induced allergic contact dermatitis in dogs.

Background: Probiotic strains have the potential to modulate immune responses, reduce intestinal inflammation, normalize intestinal mucosal function and decrease allergic reactions.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral probiotic supplements containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans spores on clinical symptoms, haematological factors and immune responses to allergic contact dermatitis in dogs induced by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB).

Methods: DNCB was injected subcutaneously into the scapular region of 20 healthy adult dogs of both sexes, divided into four groups, to induce experimental allergic contact dermatitis.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Coincident with Clinical and Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunctions Results in Dysregulation of Circulating Chemerin, Resistin and Visfatin.

The alterations of circulating adipocytokines have been reported in thyroid diseases or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but such data in T2DM coincident with clinical and subclinical thyroid-dysfunctions are limited, and remain to be investigated. We studied the changes in serum chemerin, resisitin and visfatin in T2DM patients with thyroid dysfunctions, and their association with inflammatory and insulin resistance-markers. A total of 272 female and male Iranian participants were selected and divided into six groups: the euthyroid group, T2DM, T2DM coincident with clinical and sub clinical hypothyroidism (SC-HO, and C-HO), and T2DM coincident with clinical and sub clinical hyperthyroidism (SC-HR, C-HR).