Pairing of single-cell RNA analysis and T cell antigen receptor profiling indicates breakdown of T cell tolerance checkpoints in atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerotic plaques form in the inner layer of arteries triggering heart attacks and strokes. Although T cells have been detected in atherosclerosis, tolerance dysfunction as a disease driver remains unexplored. Here we examine tolerance checkpoints in atherosclerotic plaques, artery tertiary lymphoid organs and lymph nodes in mice burdened by advanced atherosclerosis, via single-cell RNA sequencing paired with T cell antigen receptor sequencing.

Evaluation of Inflammatory Cytokine and Anti Antibodies in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease.

: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigari. Previous studies have shown that infection is associated with treatment and clinical response to Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of infection in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

The Association Between Hepatitis B Virus Mutations and the Risk of Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus [HBV], the best-described hepadnavirus, is distributed all around the world and may lead to chronic and acute liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the advancement in treatment against HBV, an errorprone reverse transcriptase, which is required for HBV replication as well as host immune pressure, leads to constant evolution and emergence of genotypes, subgenotypes and mutant viruses; so, HBV will remain as a major healthcare problem around the world. This review article mainly focuses on the HBV mutations which correlated to occult HBV infection, immune escape, vaccine failure and eventually liver cirrhosis and HCC.

Understanding the role of integrins in breast cancer invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance.

Integrins are cell adhesion receptors, which are typically transmembrane glycoproteins that connect to the extracellular matrix (ECM). The function of integrins regulated by biochemical events within the cells. Understanding the mechanisms of cell growth by integrins is important in elucidating their effects on tumor progression.

Effect of Acupuncture on Pregnancy-Related Insomnia and Melatonin: A Single-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on sleep quality and overnight melatonin secretion, measured as urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, in pregnant women.

Patients And Methods: This randomized, parallel, single-blinded (participant), controlled trial was conducted on 72 pregnant women with insomnia. Study participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention, 10 sessions of acupuncture treatment over a 3-week period, or control group by block randomization (1:1).