Newcastle Disease Virus Induces Profound Lymphoid Depletion with Different Patterns of Necroptosis, Necrosis, and Oxidative DNA Damage in Bursa, Spleen, and Other Lymphoid Tissues.

This study delves into the pathogenesis of virulent genotype VII strains of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), focusing on experimentally infected birds. Predominant and consistent lesions observed include bursal atrophy and extensive depletion of all lymphoid tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis, targeting apoptosis (Caspase-3), necroptosis (MLKL), and NDV markers, indicates that bursal atrophy is linked to a non-apoptotic programmed cell death pathway known as "necroptosis".

High-power 1018 nm Yb doped fiber lasers with different YDF core and coiling diameters: theoretical and experimental study.

In this paper, the effect of the active fiber's core/cladding area ratio on the output parameters of 1018 nm fiber lasers has been investigated. In this regard, we conducted a comprehensive study of two fiber lasers that utilized 25/400 and 30/250 µm ytterbium-doped fibers (YDFs), both theoretically and experimentally. The optimum length of YDFs required for 40 dB of amplified spontaneous emission suppression was calculated.

Clinicopathological profile of peritoneal tuberculosis and a new scoring model for predicting mortality: an international ID-IRI study.

Existing literature about peritoneal tuberculosis (TBP) is relatively insufficient. The majority of reports are from a single center and do not assess predictive factors for mortality. In this international study, we investigated the clinicopathological characteristics of a large series of patients with TBP and determined the key features associated with mortality.

The Possible Role of COVID-19 in the Triggering of Underlying Mitochondrial Dysfunction in MELAS Syndrome, A Brief Report of three cases.

Background: During corona virus pandemic, various neurological complications of COVID-19 have been reported. Recent studies demonstrated different pathophysiology for neurological manifestations of COVID-19 such as mitochondrial dysfunction and damage to cerebral vasculature. In addition, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder with a variety of neurological symptoms.

A case of pituitary gland abscess associated with granulomatous hypophysitis.

Background: Granulomatous hypophysitis is a rare disease that presents with chronic inflammation of the pituitary gland. In this study, we reported a case of granulomatous hypophysitis associated with a pituitary abscess.

Case Presentation: A 39-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of infertility.

Garcin syndrome in a case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

In this study, we report a parapharyngeal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patient which had caused the patient to suffer from Garcin syndrome.

A Case of Fingolimod-associated Cryptococcal Meningitis.

Background: Leukopenia, a rare adverse effect of Fingolimod therapy, paves the way for opportunistic infections. In this study, we reported rare fingolimod associated cryptococcal meningitis.

Case Presentation: A 39-year-old woman with RRMS was referred to the emergency department.

Efficacy of Hemoperfusion in Severe and Critical Cases of COVID-19.

Introduction: Uncontrolled overproduction of inflammatory mediators is predominantly observed in patients with severe COVID-19. The excessive immune response gives rise to multiple organ dysfunction. Implementing extracorporeal therapies may be useful in omitting inflammatory mediators and supporting different organ systems.

Synthetic Small Molecules Induce Insulin Secretion and Pancreatic Beta-Cell-Specific Gene Expression.

Despite various efficient pharmaceuticals which are already used to manage diabetes, new drugs are needed to preserve and restore the function of pancreatic β-cells (pβCs) including cell-specific gene expression and insulin production and secretion. Newly developed small molecules (SMs) with potential anti-diabetic activity need to be preliminarily tested. Mice insulinoma MIN6 cells can be utilized as an in vitro screening model.

One-step and sequential SARSCOV-2 polymerase chain reaction tests would not work every time.

Introduction: RT-PCR is widely used as a diagnostic test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we aim to describe the clinical utility of serial PCR testing in the final detection of COVID-19.

Method: We collected multiple nasopharyngeal swab samples from patients who had negative RT-PCR test on the first day after hospitalization.

Enhancement of the Anti-biofilm Activity of Gold Nanoparticles- Itraconazole Conjugates in Resistant Candida glabrata.

Introduction: Onychomycosis, also called tinea unguium, is a common fungal infection affecting the nails. After dermatophytes, Candida species are recognized as second-line pathogens responsible for this infection. The treatment of onychomycosis requires a long time and is associated with high rates of recurrence.

A Comparative Study on the Effect of Exosomes Secreted by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose and Bone Marrow Tissues in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis-Induced Mouse Model.

Background: Exosomes as extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale intercellular messengers secreted from cells to deliver biological signals. Today, exosomes have become a new field of research in regenerative medicine and are considered as potential therapies to control inflammation and wound healing and enhance and improve healing in many diseases. Given the global burden of osteoarthritis (OA) as the fastest-growing health condition and one of the major causes of physical disability in the aging population, research to establish EVs as therapeutic products can meet the basic clinical needs in the management of osteoarthritis and provide a therapeutic solution.

Indicators of the molecular pathogenesis of virulent Newcastle disease virus in chickens revealed by transcriptomic profiling of spleen.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has caused significant outbreaks in South-East Asia, particularly in Indonesia in recent years. Recently emerged genotype VII NDVs (NDV-GVII) have shifted their tropism from gastrointestinal/respiratory tropism to a lymphotropic virus, invading lymphoid organs including spleen and bursa of Fabricius to cause profound lymphoid depletion. In this study, we aimed to identify candidate genes and biological pathways that contribute to the disease caused by this velogenic NDV-GVII.

Umifenovir in hospitalized moderate to severe COVID-19 patients: A randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: The effectiveness of umifenovir against COVID-19 is controversial; therefore, clinical trials are crucial to evaluate its efficacy.

Methods: The study was conducted as a single-center, randomized, open-label clinical trial. Eligible moderate-severe hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection were randomly segregated into intervention and control groups.

Promising effects of atorvastatin on mortality and need for mechanical ventilation in patients with severe COVID-19; a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Considering the anti-inflammatory effect of atorvastatin and the role of medical comorbidities such as hypertension and coronary artery disease on the prognosis of the COVID-19 patients, we aimed to assess the effect of atorvastatin add-on therapy on mortality caused by COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, including patients who were hospitalised with confirmed diagnosis of severe COVID-19. Baseline characteristics and related clinical data of patients were recorded.

A Review on Molecular Mechanisms of Antifungal Resistance in : Update and Recent Advances.

is the second frequent etiologic agent of mucosal and invasive candidiasis. Based on the recent developments in molecular methods, has been introduced as a complex composed of , , and . The four main classes of antifungal drugs effective against are pyrimidine analogs (flucytosine), azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes.

Decreased in-hospital mortality associated with aspirin administration in hospitalized patients due to severe COVID-19.

Hypercoagulability and thrombosis caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are related to the higher mortality rate. Because of limited data on the antiplatelet effect, we aimed to evaluate the impact of aspirin add-on therapy on the outcome of the patients hospitalized due to severe COVID-19. In this cohort study, patients with a confirmed diagnosis of severe COVID-19 admitted to Imam Hossein Medical Center, Tehran, Iran from March 2019 to July 2020 were included.

Brucellosis in transplant recipients: A systematic review.

Background: Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by Brucella species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate brucellosis in all types of transplant patients.

Methods: All the cases of brucellosis in transplant patients with no time and language limitations were searched and retrieved on May 20, 2020, using the following search keywords: (Brucella OR Brucellosis) AND (Transplant OR Transplantation) through the following medical databases: Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and regional databases, for example, SID.

Post-mortem Histopathologic Findings of Vital Organs in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19.

Background: The scientific evidence concerning pathogenesis and immunopathology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly evolving in the literature. To evaluate the different tissues obtained by biopsy and autopsy from five patients who expired from severe COVID-19 in our medical center.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed five patients with severe COVID-19, confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and imaging, to determine the potential correlations between histologic findings with patient outcome.

Isolation of in oral candidiasis: First report among cancer patients in Iran.

Background And Purpose: Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a fungal infection of the oral cavity caused by the members of complex. Although , as a part of the complex, is considered to be mostly responsible for the development of vulvovaginal candidiasis, it may be associated with a wider clinical spectrum.

Case Report: This report described two cases diagnosed with oral candidiasis during the receipt of treatment for malignancies.

Antipseudomonal -Lactams Resistance in Iran.

Over the last years, the mortality rate of , which is one of the major reasons for severe infections, has been significantly increasing. This bacterium is highly resistant to many antibiotics, especially carbapenems, thanks to its complicated mechanism by which it can acquire exogenous genes. The purpose of this research is to have a review of empirical studies surveying the resistance to beta-lactams in Iran in order to investigate the most reliable methods by which the incidence of infections can be decreased and controlled.

An investigation into the beneficial effects of high-dose interferon beta 1-a, compared to low-dose interferon beta 1-a (the base therapeutic regimen) in moderate to severe COVID-19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled l trial.

Objectives: We will investigate the effectiveness of high dose Interferon Beta 1a, compared to low dose Interferon Beta 1a (the base therapeutic regimen) in COVID-19 Confirmed Cases (Either RT-PCR or CT Scan Confirmed) with moderate to severe disease TRIAL DESIGN: This is a single center, open label, randomized, controlled, 2-arm parallel group (1:1 ratio), clinical trial.

Participants: The eligibility criteria in this study is: age ≥ 18 years, oxygen saturation (SPO2) ≤ 93% or respiratory rate ≥ 24, at least one of the following manifestation: radiation contactless body temperature ≥37.8, Cough, shortness of breath, nasal congestion/ discharge, myalgia/arthralgia, diarrhea/vomiting, headache or fatigue on admission.

Genome Sequences of Newcastle Disease Virus Strains from Two Outbreaks in Indonesia.

The genomes of two newly emerged Newcastle disease virus strains, chicken/Indonesia/Mega/001WJ/2013 and chicken/Indonesia/Cimanglid/002WJ/2015, from disease outbreaks in chickens in Indonesia are reported. Phylogenetic analysis of different genotypes of Newcastle disease virus using the F gene coding sequences suggests that these two strains belong to genotype VII.2, in class II of avian paramyxoviruses.

Genome Sequences of Newly Emerged Newcastle Disease Virus Strains Isolated from Disease Outbreaks in Indonesia.

Here, we report two genomes of newly emerged strains of (NDV), Chicken/Indonesia/Tangerang/004WJ/14 and Chicken/Indonesia/VD/003WJ/11, from disease outbreaks in chickens in Indonesia. Phylogenetic study results of the fusion (F) protein's gene-coding sequences of different genotypes of NDV revealed that these two strains belong to genotype VII.1 in the class II cluster of avian paramyxoviruses.