Effects of chronic empathic stress on synaptic efficacy, as well as short-term and long-term plasticity at the Schaffer collateral/commissural- CA1 synapses in the dorsal hippocampus of rats.

Empathy, the ability to comprehend and share others' emotional states, impacts brain functions. This in vivo electrophysiological study explored the influence of chronic empathic stress on synaptic efficacy, as well as short-term and long-term plasticity at the Schaffer collateral/Commissural - CA1 synapses in the dorsal hippocampus of rats, in situations of social equality and inequality. Forty-eight male rats were randomized into six groups: control, pseudo-observer, pseudo-demonstrator, observer, demonstrator, and co-demonstrator (Co, Pse-Ob, Pse-De, Ob, De, Co-De) groups.

Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid and Incensole Acetate Attenuate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.

Boswellia serrata has been used in traditional medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) and incensole acetate (IA) are two active ingredients of B. serrata that possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Effects of chronic social equality and inequality conditions on passive avoidance memory and PTSD-like behaviors in rats under chronic empathic stress.

Introduction: Social inequality conditions induce aversion and affect brain functions and mood. This study investigated the effects of chronic social equality and inequality (CSE and CSI, respectively) conditions on passive avoidance memory and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like behaviors in rats under chronic empathic stress.

Methods: Rats were divided into different groups, including control, sham-observer, sham-demonstrator, observer, demonstrator, and co-demonstrator groups.

Retraction notice to "The therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells producing CXCL10 in a mouse melanoma lung metastasis model" [Cancer Lett. 419 (2018) 30-39].

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).

Assessing the impact of climate change and human activity on streamflow in a semiarid basin using precipitation and baseflow analysis.

Assessment of streamflow variations under the influence of climate change and human activity is crucial for sustainable water resource management, especially in semiarid areas. In this study, we first used the Hydrograph Separation Program to separate and analyze the base flow index (BFI) that was impacted directly by human activity and precipitation as an important climate factor from 1967 to 2016 in the Dez River Basin. Second, the Mann-Kendall trend test was used to identify trends and change points.

Optimization of hydropower energy generation by 14 robust evolutionary algorithms.

The use of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) for solving complex engineering problems has been very promising, so the application of EAs for optimal operation of hydropower reservoirs can be of great help. Accordingly, this study investigates the capability of 14 recently-introduced robust EAs in optimization of energy generation from Karun-4 hydropower reservoir. The best algorithm is the one that produces the largest objective function (energy generation) and has the minimum standard deviation (SD), the minimum coefficient of variations (CV), and the shortest time of CPU usage.

Investigation of the relationship between miR-33a, miR-122, erythrocyte membrane fatty acids profile, and serum lipids with components of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background And Purpose: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules acting as critical regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression. MiR-33a and miR-122 have a crucial role in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Therefore, their dysregulation may contribute to metabolic abnormality and their inhibition may be a useful therapeutic strategy.

Combination Therapy with GABA and MgSO Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetic Rat.

Background: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO) play a crucial role in glycemic control. Therefore, we studied the effect of combination therapy with GABA and MgSO to improve insulin sensitivity in diabetes induced by streptozotocin as well as high-fat diet in a diabetic rat model. .

A new optimization algorithm to solve multi-objective problems.

Simultaneous optimization of several competing objectives requires increasing the capability of optimization algorithms. This paper proposes the multi-objective moth swarm algorithm, for the first time, to solve various multi-objective problems. In the proposed algorithm, a new definition for pathfinder moths and moonlight was proposed to enhance the synchronization capability as well as to maintain a good spread of non-dominated solutions.

Insulin resistance and the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid.

Insulin resistance (IR) is mentioned to be a disorder in insulin ability in insulin-target tissues. Skeletal muscle (SkM) and liver function are more affected by IR than other insulin target cells. SkM is the main site for the consumption of ingested glucose.

Magnesium sulfate improves insulin resistance in high fat diet induced diabetic parents and their offspring.

In the present study, first, the role of high-fat diet (HFD) in insulin resistance (IR) in offspring with diabetic and non-diabetic parents, and then the effect of magnesium sulfate (Mg) administration on improved IR in HFD diabetic parents, and their offspring were investigated. Induction of diabetes was carried out by eating HFD and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic rats were divided into three groups: diabetic control (DC), insulin, and Mg-treated (Mg).

Comparative analysis of some evolutionary-based models in optimization of dam reservoirs operation.

Deriving optimal operation policies for multi-reservoir systems is a complex engineering problem. It is necessary to employ a reliable technique to efficiently solving such complex problems. In this study, five recently-introduced robust evolutionary algorithms (EAs) of Harris hawks optimization algorithm (HHO), seagull optimization algorithm (SOA), sooty tern optimization algorithm (STOA), tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) and moth swarm algorithm (MSA) were employed, for the first time, to optimal operation of Halilrood multi-reservoir system.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid attenuates insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients and reduces the risk of insulin resistance in their offspring.

The role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in attenuates insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients and the reduction of the risk of IR in their offspring, and the function of GLUT4, IRS1 and Akt2 genes expression were investigated. T2D was induced by high fat diet and 35 mg/kg of streptozotocin. The male and female diabetic rats were then divided into three groups: CD, GABA, and insulin.

Data on optimization of the Karun-4 hydropower reservoir operation using evolutionary algorithms.

This article describes the time series data for optimizing the hydropower operation of the Karun-4 reservoir located in Iran for a period of 106 months (from October 2010 to July 2019). The utilized time-series data included reservoir inflow, reservoir storage, evaporation from the reservoir, precipitation on the reservoir, and release of water through the power plant. In this data article, a model based on Moth Swarm Algorithm (MSA) was developed for the optimization of water resources.

Effect of magnesium sulfate administration to improve insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes animal model: using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique.

This study attempted to elucidate the possible mechanism of magnesium sulfate (MgSO ) administration on reducing insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats. Fifty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: NDC was fed the normal diet, CD received high-fat diet with 35 mg/kg of streptozotocin, CD-Mg animals received MgSO via drinking water, CD-Ins1, and CD-Ins2 animals treated with low or high dose of insulin. Body weight and blood glucose levels were measured weekly.

GABA dramatically improves glucose tolerance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed with high-fat diet.

Skeletal muscle, hepatic insulin resistance, and beta cell dysfunction are the characteristic pathophysiological features of type 2 diabetes mellitus. GABA has an important role in pancreatic islet cells. The present study attempted to clarify the possible mechanism of GABA to improve glucose tolerance in a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats.

The therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells producing CXCL10 in a mouse melanoma lung metastasis model.

Interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10) is a potent chemoattractant and has been suggested to enhance antitumor activity and mediate tumor regression through multiple mechanisms of action. Multiple lines of evidence have indicated that genetically-modified adult stem cells represent a potential source for cell-based cancer therapy. In the current study, we assessed therapeutic potential of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSC) genetically-modified to express IP-10 for the treatment of lung metastasis in an immunocompetent mouse model of metastatic melanoma.

The Effect of miR-200c Inhibition on Chemosensitivity (5- FluoroUracil) in Colorectal Cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) as a chemotherapeutic drug is used to treat colorectal cancer (CRC). However, 5-FU is associated with acquired CRC resistance, which decreases the therapeutic potential of 5-FU. Several studies indicated that miR-200c is also involved in chemotherapeutic drug resistance, but the exact mechanism of miR-200c mediated chemoresistance has not yet been fully understood.

Stress biomarker responses to different protocols of forced exercise in chronically stressed rats.

Stress is one of the most significant causes of major health problems on a global scale. The beneficial effects of exercise on combating stress, however, are well-established. The present study investigated the stress biomarker responses, such as serum corticosterone, interlukin-1β, and glucose levels, to different (preventive, therapeutic, protective, and continuous) protocols of forced exercise under stress.

The Effect of Preventive, Therapeutic and Protective Exercises on Hippocampal Memory Mediators in Stressed Rats.

Background: Exercise plays a significant role in learning and memory. The present study focuses on the hippocampal corticosterone (CORT), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), glucose, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in preventive, therapeutic, and protective exercises in stressful conditions.

Methods: Forty male rats were randomly divided into four groups: the control group and the preventive, therapeutic, and protective exercise groups.

Effect of the co-administration of glucose with morphine on glucoregulatory hormones and causing of diabetes mellitus in rats.

Background: Morphine is related to dysregulation of serum hormone levels. In addition, addict subjects interest to sugar intake. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of co-administration of glucose with Mo on the glucoregulatory hormones and causing of diabetes mellitus in rats.

Preventive and therapeutic effect of treadmill running on chronic stress-induced memory deficit in rats.

Previous results indicated that stress impairs learning and memory. In this research, the effects of preventive, therapeutic and regular continually running activity on chronic stress-induced memory deficit in rats were investigated. 70 male rats were randomly divided into seven groups as follows: Control, Sham, Stress-Rest, Rest-Stress, Stress-Exercise, Exercise-Stress and Exercise-Stress & Exercise groups.

Effect of testosterone on Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in surgically castrated rats.

Background: Cisplatin (CP) is an important antitumor drug with serious side effects such as nephrotoxicity. Estrogens can affect CP-induced nephrotoxicity; however, the role of testosterone (TS), the main male sex hormone, is not clear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of TS on CP-induced nephrotoxicity in castrated male rats.

Severe abdominal pain as the first manifestation of rabies.

Introduction: Rabies is an acute fatal viral disease that is generally transmitted from animals to humans following wild and domestic animal bites. The rabies virus enters the body from the area where the individual is bitten, and then the virus moves towards the brain and involves the nerves.

Case Presentation: During the years 2001-2011, there have been 73 reported rabies cases.