Seroepidemiology of bovine herpesvirus-1 in goats in south-western Iran.

Background: Widely regarded as one of the chief causes of diseases in cattle population, bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) has the potential to infect sheep and goat, making them potential reservoirs or hosts for this virus. Thus, preventive measures against BoHV-1 in cattle should not overlook the ability of this virus to infect other animals.

Aims: Therefore, the focal point of this study was to ascertain the seroprevalence of BoHV-1 in 300 healthy goats, the relationship between host and the environmental determinants of infection, and the contributing role of goats in the epidemiology of the BoHV-1.

First Report of Isolation and Characterization of Acanthamoeba spp. from the Milk Used for Calf Feeding.

Purpose: Acanthamoeba spp. can be found in natural and artificial environments, which reflects their high adaptability to different conditions. Based on the available data, there is scarce information about the isolation of amoeba from milk.

Determination of the fate of Cholecalciferol injected by the basis of 25D3 plasma concentration.

Sun exposure in bovines is believed to be the most important route of 25D synthesis in suitable latitudes. In some situations, e.g.

A novel competitive ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus infection.

Diagnosis of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) relies on the detection of antibodies against its viral causing agent, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Here, we designed a novel competitive ELISA (cELISA) using the most immunogenic part of BVDV nonstructural protein 3 (NS), as a single ELISA recombinant antigen, along with a monoclonal antibody to detect antibodies against BVDV in sera of infected animals. Hence, 197 serum samples were tested by this cELISA and the results were compared to the results obtained from virus neutralization test (VNT) as the gold standard method for diagnosis of BVD.

The role of small ruminants in the epidemiology of leptospirosis.

Leptospirosis is a common global zoonotic disease of man and all farm animals. Although most leptospiral infections in sheep and goats are asymptomatic, they may play a role in the epidemiology of the disease by the spread of Leptospira through the urine. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of sheep and goats in the epidemiology of leptospirosis.

Comparison of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle, sheep and goats in the Khuzestan Province of Iran: Results of a preliminary survey.

Background: Paratuberculosis or Johne's disease, the chronic infectious granulomatous enteritis of ruminants, is a worldwide infection, which is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). The most common symptoms of this disease in cattle are loss of milk production, weight loss and diarrhoea, whereas in sheep and goats, the symptoms are emaciation, anorexia and severe disability.

Designing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of anti-penicillin antibodies levels in various species of animals in Khuzestan province, Iran.

The penicillin allergy is being increasingly recognized as a significant public health problem. Immunological responses to penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics are classified as immediate and non-immediate responses. This research aimed to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of the reactive antibody value against penicillin in various species of animals.

The role of sheep in the epidemiology of Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1).

Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) as a cusative agent for some diseases in cattle infects sheep and goat; and it is believed that these animals may be reservoir host for this virus. Thus, BoHV-1 infection in sheep and goat should be considerd when there is a program for control and eradication of this virus in cattle. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of BoHV-1 in sheep, relationship between host and environmental factors with infection, and the role of sheep in the epidemiology of the BoHV-1.

Isolation and identification of bubaline herpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) from latently infected water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Iran.

In order to isolate buffaloes herpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) from latently infected water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), 16 buffalo heifers were selected from a herd. At first, animals were bled and their sera were tested by virus neutralization (VN) test, using bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). According to the results of VN test and dexamethasone injection (0.

Simple Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Antibodies Against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Based on Prokaryotically Expressed Recombinant MBP-NS3 Protein.

Background: Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is an economically important disease of cattle distributed worldwide. Diagnosis of BVD relies on laboratory-based detection of its viral causing agent or virus specific antibodies and the most common laboratory method for this purpose is Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Objectives: The current study was aimed to develop a simple indirect ELISA to detect antibodies against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in the sera of infected cattle.

Effect of spiramycin and tulathromycin on abomasal emptying rate in milk-fed calves.

Impaired abomasal motility is common in cattle with abomasal disorders. The macrolide erythromycin has been demonstrated to be an effective prokinetic agent in healthy calves and in adult cattle with abomasal volvulus or left displaced abomasum. We hypothesized that 2 structurally related macrolides, spiramycin and tulathromycin, would also be effective prokinetic agents in cattle.