Treatment of segmental continuous hypertrophic myokymia of the limb with botulinum A toxin.

Myokymia is defined as fluctuating hyperexcitability of muscle fibers caused by repetitive spontaneous contraction of motor units. Myokymia is generally benign with self-resolution, although symptomatic treatment with benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants can be used. Botulinum toxins can also be utilized, although they are mostly used for symptomatic facial myokymia.

Efficacy and safety of different therapies of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs against antibiotic monotherapy in the treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection: A systematic review.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs therapy (monotherapy or combined with antibiotics) against antibiotics monotherapy to understand the possible role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in managing uncomplicated urinary tract infections and reduce overall antibiotic prescription. We searched four databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL. We included randomized controlled trials, which had included non-pregnant females above 18 years, published from 2010 to 2020 AD in the English language.

Miller Fisher Syndrome Presenting Without Areflexia, Ophthalmoplegia, and Albuminocytological Dissociation: A Case Report.

Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with a prevalence of one to two people per million each year. Viral and/or bacterial infection often precedes the classic triad of areflexia, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. Bulbar involvement is uncommon but can lead to extensive workup to rule out stroke, myasthenia gravis (MG), and other neuromuscular disorders.

Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome Without Headache in an Obese Male With Eight Restricted Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Oligoclonal Bands: A Case Report.

Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) is a condition caused by an abnormal elevation of intracranial pressure (ICH), which may be primary (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) or because of an identifiable secondary cause. We present a rare case of an obese male who complained of gradual bilateral vision loss for one year without headaches and tinnitus. On fundoscopy, he had high-grade bilateral papilledema and, on lumbar puncture, he had an elevated intracranial pressure of 260 mmH2O.

Minocycline and Magnesium As Neuroprotective Agents for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review.

Stroke is a leading cause of death, disability, and dementia worldwide. Strokes can be divided into ischemic strokes and hemorrhagic strokes. At the moment, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved drug for ischemic stroke.

Stiff-Person Syndrome: A Treatment Update and New Directions.

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare and disabling central nervous system disorder with no satisfactory treatment. Muscle rigidity, sporadic muscle spasms, and chronic muscle pain characterize SPS. SPS is strongly correlated with autoimmune diseases, and it is usual to find high titers of antibodies against acid decarboxylase (GAD65).

Role of Substance P in the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Correlation With the Degree of Inflammation.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multi-factorial, chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, containing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). In UC, inflammation and sores are confined morphologically and microscopically to the mucosa, the innermost surface of the colon and the rectum. Although, in CD, the infection is granulomatous and transmural, affecting the entire gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, with the skip area in-between.

Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Comparison of Transradial Versus Transfemoral Cerebral Angiography.

Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and the primary reason for long-term disability. This debilitating condition can be divided into ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. The former occurs in almost 90% of all cases and arises from the occlusion of the supplying artery.

Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Heart Failure Patients With Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Effects on Clinical Outcomes: A Literature Review.

Vitamin D deficiency has become a global pandemic affecting approximately one billion people worldwide. Much attention has been paid to the association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and various chronic diseases, especially heart failure (HF). A clear role of vitamin D deficiency has been established, with increased mortality and morbidity in heart failures.

Long-term Opioids Linked to Hypogonadism and the Role of Testosterone Supplementation Therapy.

Opioids play a pivotal role in managing chronic pain with increasing prescription rates over the last few years. Hence, it is crucial to focus on the adverse effects of narcotics, and one of the lesser-known side effects is hypogonadism. Opioids act on the hypothalamus, pituitary, and directly on the gonads affecting serum testosterone levels.

The Risk of Substance Use Among Adolescents and Adults With Eating Disorders.

Eating disorders (EDs) are negative eating habits that have harmful mental and physical effects. EDs primarily affect young women. Most cases are diagnosed in adolescence.

Factors Influencing Prone Positioning in Treating Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and the Effect on Mortality Rate.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is often associated with severe hypoxemia and a high mortality rate. Prone positioning is a well-established intervention for ARDS. It has been shown to improve oxygenation and prevent ventilator-induced lung injury due to the more uniform distribution of lung stress and strain.